摘要
目的了解儿童呼吸道感染流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae,HI)现状及该菌对常用抗生素的耐药情况和流行特征,为流感嗜血杆菌感染的防控提供科学依据。方法收集2010年3月至4月河北北方学院第一附属医院儿科门诊患儿,从6个月至5岁呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子标本中分离鉴定流感嗜血杆菌,采用K-B法测定其对抗生素的敏感性,并用cefinase纸片检测菌株的β-内酰胺酶;对分离菌株进行生物分型,同时用随机扩增多态性(RAPD)技术进行基因同源性分析。结果 128份标本中分离出流感嗜血杆菌49株,分离率为38.3%。分离菌株对亚胺培南、氯霉素、头孢克罗100%敏感,对氨苄西林的耐药率最高(42.9%)。分离株β-内酰胺酶产酶率38.8%。生物学分型以Ⅵ型(38.8%)、Ⅷ型(36.9%)为主。RAPD聚类分析显示菌株分为8型,其中最多的一型有15株,占全部分离株的30.6%,是主要流行株。结论 128份标本中约40%的呼吸道感染患儿可分离出HI,菌株对氨苄西林耐药率高,主要流行菌株为Ⅵ型和Ⅷ型,存在明显克隆传播的克隆。
Objective To investigate the infection status, epidemic characteristics and resistance to common antibiotics of Haemophilus influenzae （HI） among children subjected to respiratory tract infection in order to provide scientific evidences for preventing, alleviating and controlling HI infection in this region.Methods HI strains were isolated from throat swabs from children subjected to respiratory tract infection . These strains were cultured and identified by conventional methods, and were biotyped based on ornithine deearboxylase, urease and indol production. The cefinase test was used to detect [3-1actamase. The in vitro resistance to 13 antibiotics were determined with Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Finally, random amplified polymorph DNA （RAPD） was usded to identify the genotype and homology of these strains.Results Forty-nine HI strains were isolated from 128 samples of children suffering from respiratory tract infection, positive rate being 38.3%. All of the 49 HI strains were sensitive to imipenem, chloromycetin and cefaclor. The resistant rate to ampicillin was 42.9%, and 19 strains were [3-1actamase positive, accounting for 38.8%. Biotypes VI and VII were the prevalent biotypes accounting for 38.8% and 36.9%, respectively.The cluster analysis using RAPD indicated that isolated stains were divided into 8 types, among which the number of the largest and major epidemic type was 15 stains, accounting for 30.6% of all isolates.Conclusions HI can be isolated from about 40% children with respiratory tract infection in this region, and the ampicillin resistance rate is high. Major epidemic strains are VI and VIII,and there is clonal propagation clone.
出处
《中国实用儿科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期845-847,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics
