摘要
通过分析建立了压力钢管直径与额定装机容量、设计水头之间的自然对数线性关系式,然后利用最小二乘原理拟合,将管径与装机容量、水头之间的离散型数据点连续化,使得回归拟合的连续函数逼近离散点,从而确定压力管道直径.通过选取国内45座、国外37座水电站的相关参数进行分析,因国内外压力钢管的允许经济流速的区别,用国内水电站参数拟合的管径最大相对误差比国外的略大,而用国内外82座水电站参数拟合的管径最大相对误差略比二者相应管径要小一些,但选定管径的标准差均较小,相对误差均小,相关系数均较大,相关性均好,表明均可在实际工程中推广应用,特别适用于初拟压力钢管直径时缺乏基本资料的情况.
The natural logarithm linear relationship is firstly established between the penstock diameter, rated installed capacity and design water head. Then the discrete points between the diameter, installed capacity and water head are converted continuously by the principle of least squares fitting, and the fitting continuous functions are approximated towards the discrete points. Thus the economical diameter of penstocks could be determined. Through analyzing of the relevant parameters of the selected penstocks including 45 domestic and 37 foreign hydropower stations, the results show that the maximum relative errors of the diameter, which are determined using the parameters of domestic hydropower stations, are slightly larger than those for the for- eign ones due to the difference of the allowable economic velocity between domestic and foreign penstocks. And the maximum relative errors, which are determined using the parameters of 82 hydropower stations, are slightly lower than those by the two above-mentioned groups. The standard deviation of the diameter is small as well as the relative error~ but the correlation coefficient is large and the correlation is very good. These methods could be applied to the practical engineering projects, especially for the lack of basic information when drafting the diameter of penstocks.
出处
《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2013年第5期1-5,共5页
Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences
关键词
水工结构
经济直径
最小二乘逼近
压力管道特点
hydraulic structure
economical diameter
least square approximation
characteristics of pen-stock
