摘要
目前,国际上基于孢粉组合资料恢复古气候的研究已向定量化方向发展,大量古气候定量重建方法不断涌现出来,这些方法可以大致分为三类:指示种法、集合法和多元校正函数法。本文简要介绍了这三类古气候定量重建方法的基本原理和它们在中国的运用进展。这些古气候定量重建方法各有优缺点和适用范围,而将不同的方法用于同一化石点,获得的结果进行交叉验证,是评估古气候重建结果可靠性的重要手段。这些古气候定量重建方法在中国的运用中,指示种法主要用于重建北部、东北部、西南部(主要是云南)第三纪气候;而集合法和多元校正函数法则较多用于重建晚第四纪气候,主要集中于北部和西北部。从空间上看,中国中部、中南部、东南部以及青藏高原地区古气候定量重建亟待加强;从时间上看,中国的第四纪早、中期古气候定量重建研究较少。在未来研究中,填补这些研究空白无疑将提升对中国新生代以来总体气候变化格局的理解,加深对东亚季风建立时间和发展过程的认识,并促进对北半球甚至全球气候变化过程和机制的解读。
Nowadays,the quantitative reconstruction of palaeoclimate based on pollen data has become the frontier of palynological researches. A lot of methods have been proposed to reconstruct palaeoclimate quantitatively,which can be assigned to three different categories： i. e., the Indicator-species Approach, the Assemblage Approach and the Multivariate Calibration-Function Approach. The palaeoclimate is estimated by the Indicator-species Approach as the climatic range in which the nearest living relatives （NLRs） of fossil pollen taxa could survive. The Assemblage Approach assume that analogical pollen assemblages are produced under similar climate, and the main part of this approach is to find for a given fossil pollen assemblage the closest modern pollen assemblage. The Multivariate Calibration-Function Approach focus on establishing calibration functions between modern climate and the relative abundances of pollen taxa, and then the calibration functions are used to transform the fossil pollen data into palaeoclimate informations. However, all these approaches have strengths and weaknesses, and none of them is substantially better than the others. A feasible way to assess the reliability of these approaches in reconstructing palaeoclimate is applying them to the same fossil site to provide cross validation of their results. The researches of quantitative palaeoclimate reconstructions applying these approaches have accumulated in China since late 1990th. The Indicator-species Approach was mainly applied to reconstruct the Tertiary climate of northern, northeastern and southwestern（mainly Yunnan）China, while the application of the Assemblage Approach and the Multivariate Calibration-Function mainly focused on the Late Quaternary climate of northern and northwestern China. However, the palaeoclimate of central, central-southern, southeastern parts of China and Tibet, as well as the Early and Middle Quaternary period of China are still lacking. More work is needed in these regions and periods to better understand Cenozoic climate change in China, to explore the establishment and development of eastern Asian monsoon, to get deeper insight into the evolution and mechanism of hemispheric and global climate change, and to provide more robust evidences for terminating the debate between IPCC and NIPCC,i. e.,human vs. nature rules the climate.
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期1054-1068,共15页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41125006)资助
关键词
古气候
定量重建
指示种法
集合法
多元校正函数法
中国
palaeoclimate, quantitative reconstruction, the Indicator-species Approach, the AssemblageApproach ,the Multivariate Calibration-Function Approach ,China
