摘要
目的了解我院住院患者医院感染和社区感染现状,为预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采取床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法,对2011-10-17住院患者进行医院感染和社区感染现患率调查。结果调查患者1 857例,医院感染现患率为4.47%(83/1 857),以急诊ICU最高(30.00%,3/10);社区感染现患率为20.14%(374/1 857),以呼吸内科最高(84.38%,81/96)。医院感染和社区感染均以下呼吸道感染为主,分别占51.55%(50/97)、48.72%(190/390);病原体均以革兰阴性菌为主,分别占72.13%(44/61)、74.71%(65/87),标本主要分离自痰和尿,占76.35%(113/148);抗菌药物使用率为38.02%(706/1 857),治疗用药病原体送检率为29.86%(152/509)。结论加强高危科室和易感人群的目标监测,加强社区感染入院患者的医院感染管理,做好防控措施,提高标本送检率,合理使用抗菌药物,减少细菌耐药和医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the status of inpatients＇ nosocomial and community - acquired infections to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods The prevalence rate of nosocomial and com- munity - acquired infections was investigated, using a method of bedside survey combined with review of medical records, in pa- tients admitted on October 17, 2011. Results A total of 1 857 patients were investigated. The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 4. 47% （83/1 857）, the highest in ICU （30. 00%, 3/10）, that of community - acquired infection was 20. 14% （374/1 857）, respiratory medicine being the highest （84. 38%, 81/96）. Low respiratory tract infections were the main noso- comial and community - acquired infections [51.55% （50/97）, 48. 72% （ 190/390）, respectively ; Detected pathogens were mainly Gram - negative bacteria, accounting for 72. 13% （44/61）, 74. 71% （65/87）, respectively; The specimens separated mainly from sputum and urine （76.35%, 113/148 ）; Antimicrobial drug use rate was 38.02% （706/1 857 ）; Pathogen diction rate of treatment drugs was 29.86% （152/509）. Conclusion Target monitoring of high - risk departments and susceptible group should be strengthened, nosocomial infection management of community - infected patients be improved, prevention measures should be done well, specimen detection rate increased, antibiotics used rationally, to decrease bacterial resistance and hospital infections.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第30期3584-3586,3589,共4页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
交叉感染
社区获得性感染
横断面研究
患病率
Cross infection
Community -acquired infections
Cross -sectiond studies
Prevalence
