摘要
目的:了解苯丙胺类兴奋剂(amphetamine type stimulants,ATS)滥用者的人群特点及滥用特征。方法:采用自制问卷,对上海地区339名ATS滥用者进行面谈,收集一般人口学资料和毒品滥用史。结果:调查结果显示:(1)ATS滥用者平均年龄为35.5 a±s 8.9 a,其中男性占65.2%,初中及以下文化占65.5%,已婚者(包括同居)占35.1%,无业者占49.6%;(2)滥用的主要物质是冰毒(95.9%),其滥用方式主要为烫吸(92.6%),平均滥用频率为5.0(18.0)次/月;(3)临床表现:滥用ATS后最常出现的症状为失眠(83.2%)、口干(77.9%)及兴奋(77.6%),滥用ATS后曾出现精神病性症状者占63.7%,其中最常见的为听幻觉(45.1%)、思维紊乱(39.8%)及妄想(38.1%)。结论:上海地区苯丙胺类兴奋剂滥用者多数无稳定婚姻状况、文化程度较低,滥用后出现明显躯体及精神症状,产生严重不良后果。
Objective： To investigate the social demographic information, and abuse characteristics in ATS （amphetamine type Stimulants, ATS） abusers. Methods ：The general demographic information and history of drug abuse were collected on 339 ATS abusers in shanghai with a selfdesigned questionnaire collect. Results ： （ 1 ） General demographic data ： The mean age of our sample was 35.5±s 8.9 a male 221 （65.2%）. Most of abusers were not well educated, 65.5% of them lower than technical secondary school. 35.1% of them were married （cohabitation included）. Half （49.6%） of the abusers had no jobs. （2） History of drug abuse： Methamphetamine （95.9%） was the main ATS being used. Snorting （92.6%） is the main abuse way in methamphetamine. The mean times of use is 5.0（18.0） times per month. （3） Clinical symptoms： The physical symptoms appear after mostly the abuse of ATS were insomnia （83.2%）, dry mouth （77.9%）, excitement （77.6%）. 63.7% of the abusers experienced psychiatric symptoms, and the most of them were hallucinations （45.1%） confusion （39. 8% ） ,delusions （38.1%） Generally, most of the ATS abusers in Shanghai area manifested unstable married, lower education level, and so on. They also had obvious physical and mental symptoms, which had caused serious adverse consequences.
出处
《中国药物依赖性杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第5期394-396,400,共4页
Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence
基金
国家自然科学基金(81271468
81130020)
上海市卫生局基金(2011Y097)
国家临床重点专科-上海市精神卫生中心(卫生部医政司2011-873)
