摘要
目的探讨哮喘儿童自我管理的情况，观察影响儿童自我管理的相关因素，为治疗提供一定的理论依据。方法选取山东省德州市立医院2010年1月-2012年12月在门诊和病房诊断为哮喘的患儿120例进行调查分析，通过哮喘儿童自我管理量表对其管理行为水平进行调查，并对相关影响因素，如年龄、性别、家族史、照顾者文化程度以及教养方式等进行分析。结果不同年龄、照顾者不同文化程度、教养方式、家族史以及病程，哮喘患儿自我管理方式差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。年龄10—14岁者日常生活管理得分、疾病医学管理得分、社会心理管理得分显著高于10岁以下的患儿，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；照顾者文化程度为高中及以上的患儿，其日常生活管理得分、疾病医学管理得分、社会心理管理得分明显优于照顾者文化程度为初中及以下的患儿，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；病程越长，患儿自我管理水平越高（P〈0．05）；不同家族史哮喘患儿总体自我管理水平上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；在教养方式上，说服方式的哮喘患儿日常生活管理得分、疾病医学管理得分、社会心理管理得分显著高于打骂教育方式的患儿，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论哮喘患儿自我管理水平与多个因素相关，临床医生和照顾者需要多个角度进行考虑和分析，以提高患儿的自我管理水平。
Objective To investigate the self-management behavior levels of asthmatic children and observe the influential factors, in order to provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of children asthma, Methods 120 asthmatic children who treated in Outpatient and Ward of Dezhou Municipal Hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 were enrolled, and their self-management behavior level was studied with a self-designed scale, and possible influential factors, including age, gender, family history, caregivers culture, parenting style and so on were analyzed. Results The self-management behavior levels of asthmatic children with different ages, main caregivers cultural levels, course of diseases, family histories, parenting styles had significant differences （P 〈 0.05）. The scores of daily life management, the medical management scores of illness, the scores of social psychological management of asthmatic children aged 10-14 were significantly higher than those of asth-matic children aged 〈10, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The scores of daily life management, the medical management scores of illness, the scores of social psychological management of asthmatic children whose main care-givers cultural levels were senior-middle-school and above were significantly higher than those of asthmatic children whose main caregivers cultural levels were elementary and junior-middle-school, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. And the scores of self-management behavior level increased with the disease course （P 〈 0.05）. Chilren with different family histories had statistically significant difference in the total scores of the general self-management level （P 〈 0.05）. Asthmatic children whose family adopted one-spoiled one-abused rearing pattern had lower scores of daily life management, illness medical management, social psychological management than those whose family adopted persuasion education pattern, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Self management behavior level of asthmatic children is relat-ed to many influential factors. And the supervisors and the doctor should consider many possible reasons in order to improve the self-management behavior levels of asthmatic children.
出处
《中国医药导报》
CAS
2013年第30期148-150,共3页
China Medical Herald
基金
教育部高校博士点基金项目(编号20090061120062)
关键词
哮喘
儿童
自我管理
影响因素
Asthma
Children
Self management
Influential factors
