摘要
目的通过对新生儿低血糖的监测，分析低血糖症发生的危险因素并探讨新生儿低血糖的早期护理干预，降低新生儿低血糖的发生率。方法对我院NICU2011年6月～2012年5月收治的896例新生儿于入院时进行血糖筛查，其中窒息64例，早产儿82例，低体重儿61例，高胆红素血症者52例，感染者23例，巨大儿36例，分析各种疾病患儿的低血糖发生率，并对检出低血糖患儿进行一系列的早期护理干预。结果896例新生儿共检出低血糖92例，总发生率为10.3％；其中窒息者低血糖检出14例，发生率为21．9％，早产儿低血糖检出19例，发生率为23．2％，低出生体重儿低血糖检出21例，发生率为34．4％，感染者低血糖检出4例，发生率为17．4％，高胆红素血症者低血糖检出6例，发生率为26．9％，巨大儿检出6例，发生率为16．7％；对92例诊断为低血糖的患儿严密监测血糖和合理喂养，积极以补糖输液等对症处理，通过保暖、早接触、早吸引、早开奶等合理早期护理干预，无一例发展为重症低血糖，效果良好。结论新生儿血糖易受各种生理及病理因素影响而降低，其中早产、低出生体重、窒息、感染、高胆红素血症、巨大儿等均为新生儿低血糖发生的危险因素，对有上述高危因素更应严密监测血糖，对于低血糖的新生儿及早进行护理干预，正确喂养，避免低血糖导致的脑损伤，预防严重并发症的发生。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of hypoglycemia through monitoring the neonatal hypoglycemia and explore the early nursing intervention of neonatal hypoglycemia in order to reduce the occurrence rate of neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods 896 neonates admitted to the NICU of our hospital from June 2011 to May 2012 received blood sugar screening at admission to hospital, of which 64 neonates had asphyxia, 82 neonates were premature f neonates, 61 neonates were low birth weight neonates, 52 neonates had hyperbilirubinemia, 23 neonates had infection Jt and 36 neonates were fetal macrosomia. The occurrence rates of hypoglycemia of the neonates with different diseases were analyzed and a series of early nursing intervention were implemented for the neonates with hypoglycemia. Results Of the 896 neonates, hypoglycemia was detected in 92 neonates, with the total occurrence rate of 10.3%. Of the 92 neonates, 14 neonates had asphyxia, with the occurrence rate of 21.9%, 19 neonates were premature infants, with the occurrence rate of 23.2%, 21 neonates were low birth weight infants, with the occurrence rate of 34.4%, 4 neonates had infection, with the occurrence rate of 17.4%, 6 neonates had hyperbilirubinemia, with the occurrence rate of 26.9%, and 6 neonates were fetal macrosomia, with the occurrence rate of 16.7%. Through close blood sugar monitoring and rational feeding, positive symptomatic treatment such as sugar supplement and transfusion, and rational early nursing intervention such as keeping warm, early contact, early sucking and early breast feeding, none of the 92 neonates diagnosed with hypoglycemia developed severe hypoglycemia. Conclusion The blood sugar of neonates is susceptible to various psychological and pathological factors,of which premature birth, low birth weight, asphyxia, infection, hyperbilirubinemia, fetal macrosomia are risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia. The above high risk factors should be monitored more closely. For neonates with hypoglycemia, early nursing intervention and right feeding should be implemented in order to avoid hypoglycemia induced cerebral injury and prevent the occurrence of severe complications.
出处
《中国医药科学》
2013年第19期137-139,共3页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
新生儿
低血糖
监测
护理干预
Neonate
Hypoglycemia
Monitoring
Nursing intervention
