摘要
中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)的生命周期通常为两年,繁殖结束生命也就终止。在理论上,相邻两个年份中华绒螯蟹群体间不存在遗传婚配或基因交流,而存在奇年与偶年两个系谱之分。为检验长江野生中华绒螯蟹奇、偶年份群体的遗传差异,应用18对微卫星引物,对2004-2011共7年采集的中华绒螯蟹长江口天然繁殖群体进行了遗传分析。结果表明:(1)偶年群体(2004、2006、2008、2010)的观测杂合度和期望杂合度显著高于奇年群体(2007、2009、2011),P<0.05;(2)奇、偶年群体间的遗传分化差异显著(P=0.024);(3)基于遗传距离的NJ聚类关系树表明:奇、偶年群体形成较为明显的两个遗传聚类;(4)主成分分析(PCA)和STRUCTURE遗传聚类分析均表明:奇、偶年类群的分化明显,但两群体间存在一定程度的遗传渐渗与基因交流;(5)两个偶年(2004、2006)和两个奇年(2007、2011)群体检测到显著的遗传瓶颈效应。研究结果综合表明:长江天然中华绒螯蟹群体存在较明显的奇年与偶年差异,但两者间也存在一定程度的基因交流。
Generally, the lifespan of a Chinese mitten crab （ Eriocheir sinensis） is two years, and then the crab would die after it finishes the reproduction. Theoretically, the Chinese mitten crabs of adjacent two years （e. g. 2010 and 2011 ） would not conduct genetic mating or gene flow. There is a hypothesis that there were two lineages of the odd and even years in this crab. In this paper, genetic differentiation was analyzed and the hypothesis was tested using seven wild populations （sampled in 2004,2006 -2011 ） from the Yangtze River based on 18 microsatellite loci. The results indicated that ： （ 1 ） the Ho and HE of the odd year populations were significantly lower than those of the even year populations （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; （2） There were significant pairwise FST differences （P = 0. 024） between the odd and even year populations ; （ 3 ） The phylogenetic dendrograms based on NJ methods showed obvious two elades, one clade consisted of the even year populations, another consisted of the odd populations; （4）Both principal coordinate analysis and STRUCTURE genetic clustering analysis indicated that significant genetic differentiation between the odd and even year populations, but slight genetic introgression would have occurred between them ; （ 5 ） Genetic bottleneck signal was detected in the two even year populations （2004, 2006） and odd year populations （2007, 2011）. The results of this study demonstrated that the Chinese mitten crab in Yangtze River have two lineages of the odd and even year populations, however, there was a certain level of gene flow between the two lineages.
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期657-664,共8页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
上海市中华绒螯蟹产业技术体系(D8003100208)
国家星火计划重大项目(2011GA680001)
关键词
中华绒螯蟹
长江水系
微卫星标记
遗传分化
Eriocheir sinensis
Yangtze River system
microsatellite markers
genetic divergence
