摘要
目的了解重庆某城乡统筹区县中小学生抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法抽取重庆某城乡统筹区县3 013名中小学生进行调查。调查内容包括一般情况、体育运动以及体格检查情况;同时采用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)评定中小学生抑郁症状,采用青春发动自评问卷(PDS)评价其青春发动相关事件出现情况。运用χ2检验分析不同群体的抑郁症状检出率,采用logistic回归分析中小学生抑郁症状的影响因素。结果中小学生总的抑郁症状检出率为20.1%(607/3013)。家庭经济状况较差者抑郁症状检出率较高,经济状况较好者次之,经济状况中等者最低(28.3%/18.4%/18.3%,χ2=28.415,P<0.05)。自我体像评价其自身发育水平比同伴很早、稍早、较晚和一样的抑郁症状检出率依次为:43.1%、26.5%、22.0%和15.8%(χ2=79.621,P<0.01)。高中阶段,家庭经济状况较差者,自评发育水平比同伴早很多者以及近一个月内未参加体育运动(包括专门的体育锻炼、有氧运动)是出现抑郁症状的危险因素。结论关注生长发育期的中小学生的身心健康,建立良好的学校环境和家庭环境,加强体育锻炼,有利于降低抑郁症状的发生。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptom and its influencing factors among primary and middle school students in urban-rural-integrated area of Chongqing. Methods A total of 3 013 primary and middle school students from an urban-rural-integrated area of Chongqing were selected by using multistage stratified cluster sampling method in this study. The general information, physical activities and physical examination conditions were investigated. Meanwhile, the depress symptoms were assessed by using children＇s depression inventory （CDI） and the incidence of adolescence related events were evaluated by using pubertal development scale （PDS）. Chi-square test was used to analyze the detection rate of depression symptoms among different population and Logistic regression was used to analyse the influencing factors of depressive symptoms among primary and middle school students. Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 20. 1% （607/3013） totally, and it was gradually higher among the students with bad to good economic status（28.3%/18.4%/18.3% ,x^2 = 28. 415, P 〈 0.05）. The students＇ detection rate of depression symptoms in different development level compared to companion by self image were 43.1% ,26.5% ,22.0% and 15.8% （x^2 = 79. 621, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Among the senior school students, worse economic status, higher development level in self-evaluation, and no physical activities in a recent month （including physical training, aerobic exercise） were considered as the influencing factors of depressive symptoms. Conclusion Focusing on the physical and mental health of growing children, establishing a good school environment and family environment, and strengthening physical activities will contribute to reducing the incidence of depressive symptoms.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期783-788,共6页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
国家高新技术“863”研究发展计划(No.2206AA02Z427)
关键词
抑郁症状
中小学生
青春发动时相
影响因素
depressive symptoms, primary and middle school student, puberty timing, influencing factors
