摘要
通过测定‘黄冠梨’和‘鸭梨’不同生长年限修剪枝和成熟果实中8种矿质养分含量,研究了每年因枝条修剪和果实收获从树体移走的养分总量。结果表明:2个品种梨修剪枝中氮、磷、钾、镁、锌的含量均随枝条生长年限的增加而降低,每年由修剪枝条移走的养分总量的高低顺序依次为:钙、氮、钾、镁、磷、铁、锌、铜。其中,修剪枝条移走的氮、磷和钾平均总量分别为60.3、5.47和32.9 kg.hm-2,钙和镁总量平均为155和8.11 kg.hm-2,铁、锌和铜总量分别为0.93、0.17和0.14kg.hm-2。果实收获移走的养分总量的高低顺序依次为:钾、氮、磷、镁、钙、铁、铜和锌,其总量值依次为70.5、25.4、5.42、4.2、3.68、0.14、0.03和0.02 kg.hm-2。由枝条和果实带走的氮、磷、钾比例为7.9∶1∶9.5。‘鸭梨’和‘黄冠梨’修剪枝条和果实收获移走的氮、磷总量相近,而‘鸭梨’钾、钙、镁、铁、锌和铜的总量均大于‘黄冠梨’。结论:在生产中应根据品种、年剪枝量和果实产量,制定合理的梨树养分管理措施。
In order to make reasonable suggestions on the nutrition management in pear production,the content of mineral nutrient elements in pruning branches with different growing seasons and mature fruits of'Huangguan pear'and'Yali pear'was measured,and the total nutrient amounts removed from the pear trees by the pruning branches and fruit harvest were also calculated and analyzed.Results showed that the content of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),magnesium(Mg)and zinc(Zn)in the pruning branches decreased with the increase of growing seasons.The total amount of mineral nutrition elements removed from the tree by the pruning branches was calcium(Ca),N,K,Mg,P,iron(Fe),Zn and copper(Cu).Among them,the amount of N,P and K removed by the pruning was 60.3,5.47 and 32.9 kg·hm-2 each year,Ca and Mg was 155 and 8.11 kg·hm-2,Fe,Zn and Cu was 0.93,0.17 and 0.14 kg·hm-2,respectively.The amount of nutrients removed by the harvest fruits was K,N,P,Mg,Ca,Fe,Cu and Zn,which was 70.5,25.4,5.42,4.2,3.68,0.14,0.03 and 0.02 kg·hm-2,respectively.The ratio of total N,P and K amount removed from the tree by both pruning branches and harvest fruits was 7.9∶1∶9.5.The total amount of N and P removed from the tree was similar between the two varieties,while the total amount of K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn and Cu removed from'Yali pear'tree was higher than that in'Huangguan pear'tree.Therefore,the production should be based on species,the amount of annual pruning and fruit production,in order to establish reasonable pear nutrient management measures.
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期37-42,共6页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-29-15)
关键词
梨树
修剪枝条
果实
养分
pear tree
pruning branches
fruit
nutrient
