摘要
基因组编辑是建立在基因靶向修饰的基础上,对生物基因组进行改造的一项新技术。通过利用人工核酸酶ZFn、TALEN和细菌获得性免疫系统CRISPR,可在靶位点制造DNA双链切口进而诱导细胞内源性修复机制,通过同源重组修复或非同源末端连接途径实现基因敲除、替换和纠正。对目前3个主要的基因组定点编辑技术的应用和发展作一综述。
Abstract： Genome editing is a novel technology based on precise genome-targeting modification to enable systematic reverse engineering of causal genetic variation. A set of gene editing techniques, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases and bacterial CRISPR （clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats）/Cas adaptive immunity system, have been used to cleave the double-strand DNA at specific site, followed by endogenous DNA repair. These techniques, therefore, make precise changes to the DNA of living cell by, for example, knocking out a gene, correcting a genetic mutation or replacing DNA fragment at the specific site. The new progress in targeted genome editing technologies was discussed in this paper. Key words： targeted genome editing; zinc finger nucleases; TALEN; CRISPR/Cas9
出处
《生命科学》
CSCD
2013年第7期735-742,共8页
Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences
基金
国家科技重大专项重大新药创制课题(2012-ZX09105302)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2012Y08)
