2Nho S J, Brophy RH, Barker JU,et al. Innovations in the Management of Displaced Proximal Humerus Fractures [ J ]. J Am Acad Orthop Surg,2007,15 ( 1 ) : 12-26.
3J Hertel R, Hempfing A, Stiehler M, et al. Predictors of humeral head ischemia after intracapsular fracture of the proximal humerus [ J ]. J Shoulder Elbow Surg,2004,13 (4) :427-433.
4Gaebler C, McQueen MM, Court-Brown CM. Minimally displaced proximal humeral fractures:epidemiology and outcome in 507 cases [J]. Acta Orthop Scand,2003,74(5) :580-585.
5Gerber C, Werner CM, Vienne P. Internal fixation of complex frac- tures of the proximal humerus [ J ]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2004,86 (6) :848-855.
6Lill H, Bewer A, Korner J, et aL Conservative treatment of dislocated proximal humeral fractures [ J ]. Zentralbl Chir, 2011,126 ( 3 ) : 205- 210.
7Wijgman A J, Roolker W, Patt TW, et al. Open reduction and internal fixation of three and four-part fractures of the proximal part of the humerus[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,2002,84-A( 11 ) :1919-1925.
8Iichmann T, Ochsenr PE, Wingstrand H, et al. Non-operative treat- ment versus tension-band osteosyntheisis in three-and four-part prox- imal humeral fractures : aretrospective study of 34 fractures fromtwo different trauma centers[ J]. Int Orthop, 1998,22:316-320.
9Frankle MA, Ondrovic LE, Markee BA, et al. Stability of tuberosity reattachment in proximal humeral hemiarthroplasty [ J ]. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery,2002,11 (5) :413-420.
10Fankhauser F, Boldin C, Schippinger G, et al. A new locking plate for unstable fractures of the proximal humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res,2005,430 : 170-181.
