摘要
目的:探讨J波综合征的出现率、临床特点和少见病因。方法:收集2000年1月1日至2012年12月30日经Pubmed、中国知网(CNKI)数据库中报道的常规心电图检查有J波改变的患者。分析中国普通体检人群、中国ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死伴有J波综合征患者、中国早期复极综合征患者J波的出现率和临床特征,并且总结了J波综合征的少见病因。结果:健康体检人群J波总出现率为5.64%～7.26%,J波出现率的高低与年龄、劳动强度正相关。ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者心电图上可以辨认的J波出现率为16.15%～21.7%,以下壁(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF)心肌梗死出现率最高。早期复极综合征常规心电图检出率为0.243%～3.40%。J波综合征的少见原因为蛛网膜下腔出血、支气管哮喘发作、急性扁豆中毒、Takotsubo综合征、Wolff-Parkinson-White综合征、颅内高压征、高钙血症。结论:不同人群J波出现率不一致,病因复杂。
Objective:To evaluate the clinical characteristics and pathophysiologic mechanism of J wave syndromes.Methods:The patients with J wave in the electrocardiograph were selected from Pubmed and CNKI databases for analysis from January 1,2000to December 30,2012.The incidence and clinical characteristics of J wave were analyzed in the Chinese people undergoing common health examinations,the Chinese patients who had acute myocardial infarction with J wave syndromes of ST segment elevation and the Chinese people with early repolarization syndromes;moreover the rare causes of J wave syndromes were summarized.Results:The incidence of J wave in Chinese people undergoing common health examinations was 5.64% to 7.26%,positively correlated with the age and physical labor strength.The incidence of J wave in Chinese patients who had myocardial infarction with J wave syndromes of ST segment elevation was 16.15%to 21.7%,with the incidence of myocardial infarction of the inferior wall(Ⅱ 、 Ⅲ 、 aVF) being the highest.According to electrocardiograph,the incidence of J wave in Chinese patients with the early repolarization syndromes was 0.243% to 3.40%.The rare causes of J wave syndromes were subarachnoid hemorrhage,acute attack of bronchus asthma,acute toxic of hyacinth bean,Takotsubo syndrome,WolffParkinson-White syndrome,intracranial hyperpressure and hypercalcemia.Conclusion:The incidences of the J wave syndromes were varied in different peoples and the causes of J wave syndromes were complex.
