摘要
人性问题既是一个基本的理论问题,也是一个重大的实践问题;既是一个简单的问题,也是一个复杂的问题。绝对圆满的人性阐释也许很难,但基本可行的人性答案大体可寻。人是一种特殊的动物。人与其他动物的共同属性构成人的基本属性;人与其他动物的不同属性构成人的特殊属性。人的动物属性主要由食、色构成,具体体现为自私自利、好逸恶劳、好生恶死、欲壑难填等形态,有为恶的自然倾向。人的特殊属性有多种形态,根本的特殊本性是意识、智慧。人为善的道德意识、利他的社会属性、有意识谋生的劳动特性、形而上的文化特性以及君临万物的高贵特性都是建立在大脑意识机能基础上的后起属性。人的二重属性,既相互斗争,又相互依存。全面、准确认识人的双重本性的形态、特点,对我们认识和处理现实人生问题具有极大的启示意义。
As a major theoretical and practical issue, humanity is hard to illustrate but easy to describe. The nature of human beings, who are essentially special animals, is composed of basic animal instinct and other man-unique properties. While the former is mainly about the negative lust for food and sex, which is realized by being selfish, lazy, cowardly, greedy, etc. , the latter are basically about the positive nature of conscious- ness and wisdom, which develops with the brain and is reflected in various aspects, such as to be morally kind, socially altruistic, consciously industrious, culturally metaphysical, mentally noble, etc. These two aspects of human nature are opposite to but dependent on each other, and a good understanding of them will benefit us a lot in acquiring the wisdom of life.
出处
《上海大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第3期1-14,共14页
Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
双重人性
动物本性
意识属性
形态特点
现实启示
duality of human nature
animal instinct
ideological attribute
morphological characteris-tics
practical enlightenment
