摘要
以变绿、发芽的马铃薯皮为原料,在系统优化筛选双溶剂提取法、超声波辅助提取法提取马铃薯龙葵素的基础上,比较乙醇回流提取、微波辅助提取、双溶剂提取、超声波辅助提取4种方法对马铃薯龙葵素的提取效果。结果表明,双溶剂提取马铃薯龙葵素的最佳工艺为提取温度70℃、提取时间17h、料液比1:20、乙醇乙酸比10:2、原料粒径0.3mm,龙葵素得率为0.6417%,4个因素对马铃薯龙葵素提取效果的影响大小为乙醇乙酸比>粒径>料液比>时间;超声波辅助提取的最佳工艺为70%乙醇、pH3、超声温度65℃、超声时间为20min、料液比为1:15、原料粒径0.3mm、超声2次,龙葵素得率达到0.8356%,4个因素对马铃薯龙葵素提取效果的影响大小为粒径>料液比>超声温度>超声时间;微波辅助提取和乙醇回流的提取得率分别为0.5489%、0.1881%。比较4种提取方法,超声波辅助提取时间短,溶剂用量少,提取效果最好。
Two different methods to extract solanine from sprouted potatoes,dual-solvent extraction and ultrasonicassisted extraction,were optimized in this study.Moreover,the two extraction methods were compared with ethanol reflux extraction and microwave-assisted extraction.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions for dual-solvent extraction were water-bath temperature 70 ℃,17 h,ratio of material to liquid of 1：20,ratio of ethanol to acetic acid of 10：2 and material particle size of 0.3 mm.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of solanine was 0.6417%,and the influence of factors on the yield of solanine decreased in the following order： ratio of ethanol to acetic acid particle size ratio of material to liquid time.The optimal extraction conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction were ethanol concentration of 70%,pH 3,water-bath temperature of 65 ℃,ultrasonic time 20 min,ratio of material to liquid of 1：15,particle size 0.3 mm and two extraction cycles,in the decreasing order of importance： particle size ratio of material to liquid water-bath temperature ultrasonic time.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of solanine was 0.8356% compared to 0.5489% with microwave-assisted extraction and 0.1881% with ethanol reflux extraction.In conclusion,ultrasonic-assisted extraction is a time-saving,solvent-saving and highly effective method.
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期6-10,共5页
Food Science
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD10B00)
关键词
马铃薯龙葵素
超声波辅助提取
微波辅助提取
双溶剂提取
乙醇回流提取
potato
solanine
ultrasonic-assisted extraction
microwave-assisted extraction
dual-solvent extraction
ethanol reflux extraction
