摘要
目的对学龄前儿童注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的发生情况、学龄前儿童忽视情况进行调查，探讨儿童忽视与学龄前儿童ADHD发生的关系，促进儿童健康发展。方法采用Conners父母问卷和专家访谈相结合的方式，对无锡市604名3～6岁儿童进行ADHD的患病情况调查；应用“中国3—6岁城区儿童忽视状况评价问卷”对上述儿童进行问卷调查。结果无锡市学龄前儿童ADHD患病率为5．0％（30／604）；无锡市3～6岁儿童的总忽视率为27．5％（166／604），忽视总分值为151．4，总忽视度为41．6（151．4／364×100）；学龄前ADHD儿童受忽视率、忽视度显著高于正常儿童（X2=10．584，P〈0．01；t=2．634，P〈0．05）；两组儿童在身体、情感、教育、医疗层面的忽视具有显著性差异（t值分别为2．309、2．373、2．142、3．202，均P〈0．05）；情感、教育、医疗层面的忽视为学龄前儿童ADHD产生的危险因素。结论学龄前ADHD儿童的忽视状况较正常儿童更为严重，情感、教育、医疗层面的忽视在学龄前儿童ADHD的发生中起一定作用。
Objective To survey the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） and the status of child neglect in preschool children, and to explore the relation between ADHD and child neglect so as to promote health development of children. Methods Totally 604 preschool children aged 3-6 years in Wuxi were investigated with a combination of Conners parents questionnaire and expert interviews. The children were investigated with Evaluation Questionnaire of Child Neglect of Urban Children Aged 3-6 Years in China. Results The prevalence of ADHD in preschool children in Wuxi was 5.0% （ 30/604 ） and the total neglect rate was 27.5% （ 166/604 ）. The neglect score was 151.4 and total neglect degree was 41.6（ 151.4/364 x 100 ）. The neglect rate and neglect degree of preschool children with ADHD were significantly higher than those of normal children （X2 = 10. 584 ,P 〈 0.01 ;t = 2. 634 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. There were significant differences in physical, emotional, educational and medical levels between two groups （ t value was 2. 309, 2. 373, 2. 142 and 3. 202, respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Neglect in emotional, educational and medical levels was the risk factor of ADHD among preschool children. Conclusion The status of child neglect among preschool children with ADHD is more severe than the normal children. The neglect in emotional, educational and medical levels plays a certain role in the occurrence of ADHD among preschool children.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2013年第2期144-146,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
学龄前儿童
注意缺陷多动障碍
儿童忽视
危险因素
preschool children
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）
child neglect
risk factors
