摘要
生态公益林的建设和管护对我国生态环境建设起着日益重要的作用,生态公益林管护和补偿制度研究也逐渐成为生态环境保护研究的热点问题。林农作为生态公益林管护的主要执行者和生态公益林补偿的主要受偿者,其对公益林管护机制的意愿成为今后政策设定的主要侧重方向。在对入户访谈和问卷进行科学设计的基础上,以北京5个山区县(延庆、怀柔、昌平、房山和密云)中15个镇的376户农户为调研对象,通过入户访谈和问卷调查的方式,对管护人员的选拔方式意愿以及现行公益林管护效果进行探索性的研究和评价分析。利用Stata软件进行Multinomial Logit回归分析结果表明,受访农户的个人基本特征、农户家庭基本特征及其对生态公益林管护的认知和态度均对管护人员的选拔方式有显著影响。并得出生态公益林权利主体责权利不明确、生态补偿方式的福利化和生态公益林管护工作缺乏专业化的结论。在以上研究的基础上,提出要建立健全生态公益林管护的相关法律制度,合理利用生态补偿资金以及加强管护队伍专业化建设等健全生态公益林管护机制的政策性建议。
As a major component of terrestrial ecosystems, forest plays an irreplaceable role in sustaining ecological balance. The construction and management of ecological forests are becoming more and more important to China＇ s ecological environmental development. As the main executor of ecological forest management and the main object in ecological compensation, forest farmers have the responsibility to manage ecological forest and their attitudes will affect forest management policy. Based on face-to-face interviews and questionnaires, we sampled 376 households across 15 towns in Yanqing, Huairou, Changping, Fangshan and Miyun counties in Beijing. We evaluated forest farmer satisfaction towards ecological forest management, and the need for compensation. We evaluated farmer perception of three ecological forests manager selection modes： （1） to select fewer managers with higher salary; （2） select more managers with wide coverage; and （3） select managers under a rotation system. We found that household personal characteristics, family characteristics and attitudes toward ecologic forest management have significant influence on the way forest managers are selected. Several problems with the ecological forest management system are apparent. The responsibility, rights and benefits between ecological forest stakeholders are unclear. The ecological compensation model is seen as welfare to forest farmers, and forest manager salaries have no relationship to the effect on construction and management of ecological forests. The management of ecological forests is not professional, based on the survey, and forest manager education level and forest management skills are inconsistent. Given these issues, we suggest several policy improvements to ecological forest management such as establishing ecological forest management law, and better defining forest stakeholder responsibility, rights and benefits and compensation frameworks.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1066-1074,共9页
Resources Science
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项课题:"林改后南方林地可持续高效经营关键技术研究与集成规范"(编号:201004008)
