摘要
目的分析泌尿外科医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为医院感染诊疗及抗菌药物应用提供依据。方法回顾分析2010～2011年泌尿外科收治患者感染的病原菌类型及药敏结果。结果 352例住院患者发生医院感染55例,感染率15.63%;167份送检标本检出病原菌96株,检出率57.49%,其中革兰阳性球菌28株(29.17%),革兰阴性杆菌62株(占64.58%),真菌6株(6.25%),均为白色念珠菌;分离菌以大肠埃希菌为主(31株),铜绿假单胞菌11株,肺炎克雷伯菌8株,粪肠球菌13株,屎肠球菌8株,奇异变形杆菌7株,表皮葡萄球菌5株。62株革兰阴性菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、阿米卡星、呋喃妥因、头孢吡肟和磷霉素氨丁三醇的耐药率分别为4.84%、9.68%、9.68%、12.90%和14.52%;大肠埃希菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、阿米卡星、呋喃妥因和磷霉素氨丁三醇的耐药率均低于10%。革兰阳性菌对头孢吡肟和磷霉素氨丁三醇较敏感;肠球菌对呋喃妥因和磷霉素氨丁三醇的耐药率分别为9.52%和19.05%。结论泌尿外科感染病原菌对阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、呋喃妥因和磷霉素氨丁三醇的敏感性较高,上述药物可作为治疗泌尿外科感染的经验用药。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infec- tions in Urology in order to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of nosoeomial infections and the use of anti- biotics. Methods Subjects were 352 patients seen by Urology from 2010 to 2011. The species and drug susceptibility of pathogens causing infections were analyzed. Results Ninety-size strains of pathogens were isolated from 167 speci- mens, so pathogens were detected at a rate of 57.49 %. These pathogens included 28 strains （29.17 %） of Gram-positive cocci, 62 stains （64. 58%） of Gram-negative bacilli, and 6 stains （6.25%） of fungi. Among the organisms cultured, Escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen （31 strains）, followed by Enterococcus faecalis （13 strains）, Pseudo- monas aeruginosa （11 strains）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （8 strains）, Enterococcus faecium （8 strains）, and Staphylococ- cus epidermidis （5 strains）. Gram negative bacilli were resistant to cefoperazone/sulbactam at a rate of 4.84%, amikacin at a rate of 9.68%, nitrofurantoin at a rate of 9.68%, and fosfomycin trometamol at a rate of 14.52%. E. coli had less than 10% resistance to these four drugs. Gram positive cocci were sensitive to cefepime and fosfomycin trometamol, and Enterococcus was sensitive to nitrofurantoin at a rate of 9. 52% and sensitive to fosfomycin trometamol at a rate of 19.05%. Conclusion Pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections are sensitive to eefoperazone/sulbactam, ami- kacin, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomyein trometamol, and those antibacterial agents are the most appropriate agents for em- pirical use in treating such infections.
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期365-367,共3页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
关键词
泌尿外科
医院感染
病原菌
分布
耐药性
Department of urology
nosocomial infectionll pathogenic bacteria
distribution
drug resistance
