摘要
为了确定福建省三沙湾网箱养殖对海洋环境的潜在风险以及鱼病暴发时的环境影响因子,在2011年对网箱养殖鱼病暴发前和8月份病鱼大量死亡时的网箱养殖区与对照区的环境质量状况进行了调查。根据所获得的水质指标数据,对影响网箱养殖病害的环境因素进行了分析,运用PRIMER 6.0分析了底栖生物的物种多样性、群落结构和ABC曲线等。研究结果显示,网箱养殖向已经富营养化的三沙湾海域排放了相当数量的磷酸盐,病害暴发时海水中弧菌的数量显著升高。通过网箱养殖鱼类死亡数量与温度、盐度等水质指标的相关性分析,死亡率与三沙湾海水温度、盐度等水文环境有相关性,大潮期间死亡率降低,小潮期间病害加剧。网箱养殖降低了三沙湾底栖生物的物种数和物种多样性指数,但对保护大型底栖生物有一定的积极意义。基于以上结论,提出了促进三沙湾网箱养殖健康及可持续发展的相应措施。
Based on the 2011 survey data of environmental quality in Sansha Bay in Fujian province during May and August, the cage aquaculture＇s potential risk to environment and the environmental factors influencing the fish diseases were studied. Water quality parameters in aquaculture area and adjacent area were analyzed, just before and during the bacterial disease outbreak period. And the species diversity, community structure and Abundance/Biomass Curve （ABC） of epifauna community were analyzed using the multivariate analysis software PRIMER 6.0. The result showed that most area of Sansha Bay had become eutrophic, and cage aquaculture made a dominant contribution to increase the content of DIP. At the same time, disease happened while vibrio concentration ascended evidently. The correlation analysis between daily mortality and water quality indices, such as temperature, salinity and so on, showed that the death rate of cage - farmed fish had a close relation to the hydrodynamic conditions of Sansha Bay. The mortality would be lower during the spring tide than that during the neap tide. Furthermore, cage aquaculture exerted influence on epifauna community and reduced the species number and diversity indices in Sansha Bay. But it had a positive impact on preserving macrobenthos. Some proposals were suggested for the purpose of healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture in Shansha Bay in the future.
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期171-177,共7页
Marine Science Bulletin
关键词
三沙湾
网箱养殖
水质调查
底栖生物
群落结构
Sansha Bay
cage aquaculture
water quality investigation
epifauna
community structure
