摘要
20 0 2年 8月 2 6日— 9月 4日在东海赤潮高发区 ( 2 9°0 0′— 32°0 0′N、1 2 2°0 0′— 1 2 3°30′E)进行了夏季航次的调查 ,利用春、夏季东海赤潮高发区的调查数据 ,系统分析比较了其营养盐结构和分布特征 ,并初步探讨了夏季爆发的中肋骨条藻赤潮与营养盐的关系。与 2 0 0 2年春季相比 ,2 0 0 2年夏季调查海区中SiO3 Si、PO4 P、NH4 N、DON和PN平均浓度比春季有所增加 ,而NO3 N、NO2 N、DOP和PP浓度则有所减小。夏季各种形态磷营养盐主要由PO4 P和PP组成 ,其中PO4 P比春季明显增加 ,PP略有减少 ,DOP显著减少 ;各种氮形态营养盐主要由DIN和DON组成 ,与春季相比DON比例略有增加 ,DIN略有减少。DIN仍以NO3 N为主并有所增加 ,而NH4 N比例基本不变 ,NO2 N有所减少。主要溶解无机态营养盐 ,如SiO3 Si、PO4 P和NO3 N ,以及PP的平面分布整体上呈沿岸海域浓度高、外海浓度低的趋势 ,等值线与海岸线平行的趋势已减弱 ,甚至消失。NO2 N和NH4 N具有明显的水团分布特征 ,与春季有所不同 ;DON和PN与春季具有相同的斑点状分布趋势。另外 ,本航次调查中在 1 1站发现中肋骨条藻赤潮 ,该站表层SiO3 Si浓度较高 ,PO4 P很低 ,其余溶解态氮营养盐及PP与调查海区表层平均浓度接近 ,PN较高。营养盐结构中 1 1站表层?
In recent years, the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary and the Zhoushan fishery area suffered frequently from HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) damages in China. Although in-situ investigation of this field has been strengthened every year, systemic analysis of macronutrient distributions and nutrients composition is still insufficient, which stagnated the eutrophication remediation and government regulation for HAB prevention in the area. In this 10-day summer field survey (Aug. 25 th to Sept. 4 th 2002), the area, between 29°00′- 32°00′ N, 122°00′-123°30′ E, was divided into 7 sections and 27 stations, each with 3 sampling layers(surface, middle and bottom). According to the data collected in spring(Apr. 26 th to May 2 nd 2002) and summer, the macronutrient distributions and compositions were compared, and the relationship between macronutrients and summer Skeletonema costatum HAB was analyzed in this paper. In summer, the average concentrations of SiO 3-Si, PO 4-P, NO 2-N and PP (Particle Phosphorus) in the 3 layers increased in a direction from surface to bottom; the concentrations of NO 3-N, NH 4-N and DON (Dissolved Organic Nitrogen) changed slightly; while concentration of PN (Particle Nitrogen) was the highest in the bottom and the lowest in the middle layer. Concentration of DOP (Dissolved Organic Phosphorus) was under the detection limit (0.01μmol/dm 3). The dominant forms of TP (Total Phosphorus, TP= PO 4-P + DOP + PP) of the survey area were PO 4-P and PP, (63±20)% and (37±20)% respectively, the main parts of TN (Total Nitrogen, TN= DIN+ DON + PN; DIN= NO 3-N + NO 2-N + NH 4-N) was DIN and DON, (50±19)% and (39±18)% respectively; the remainder, PN, was accounted for (11±6)% only. NO 3-N was the major component of DIN, occupying (66±26)%; NH 4-N and NO 2-N, were (23±20)% and (11±9)% respectively, add up for small proportion of DIN. For such macronutrients as SiO 3-Si, PO 4-P, NO 3-N, and PP, their horizontal distribution was characterized by concentration decrease from inshore areas to open sea, forming one or two ligulate contour lines near the Changjiang River Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay; the distributions of NO 2-N and NH 4-N showed a clear watermass-intimated feature; the distributions of DON and PN were in patched pattern. In spring, the concentration of SiO 3-Si, PO 4-P, DON, PN and PP showed the highest value in the bottom and the lowest in the middle layers; NO 2-N concentration increased from the surface, middle to bottom layer; that of NO 3-N decreased from the surface to the bottom; NH 4-N had the highest concentration in the surface and the lowest in the middle. TP were made up by 3 forms: PO 4-P that was over half, and DOP and PP were relatively less in amount. DIN and DON were the main forms of TN with minor PN fraction. NO 3-N was the dominant form of DIN, with small NO 2-N and NH 4-N proportions. The macronutrient concentrations were higher inshore than offshore and the isolines were nearly paralleled to the coastline. Comparing the main features between summer and spring, the average concentrations of SiO 3-Si, PO 4-P, NH 4-N, DON and PN showed a significant increase compared with those in spring, while NO 3-N, NO 2-N, DOP and PP showed decrease trends. In the composition of TP, PO 4-P was higher in summer than that in spring, DOP and PP were lower; DON was higher than that in spring, DIN was in opposite fashion, and PN was same to the spring in TN; NO 3-N and NO 2-N were higher and lower than correspondent one in the spring, and NH 4-N was about the same in DIN. In this survey, SiO 3-Si in Skeletonema costatum bloom found at Station 11 was about three times the average concentration of the surface layer (ACSL), while PO 4-P was 0.26μmol/dm 3, the lowest concentration in this survey. Conversely, PN being 19.46μmol/dm 3, had the highest concentration in the surface, which was three times higher than ACSL. Other macronutrient concentrations, such as nitrate nutrients and PP, were close to the ACSL. Macronutrient cons
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第4期323-331,共9页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目
2 0 0 1CB4 0 970 3和 2 0 0 2CB714 0 0 8号
国家自然科学基金项目
4 0 136 0 2 0和4 0 376 0 33号
教育部科学技术研究重点项目
0 1110号
山东省自然科学基金项目
L2 0 0 0E0 1号
教育部博士点基金项目
2 0 0 2 0 4 2 30
关键词
东海
赤潮高发区
营养盐
夏季
East China Sea, High frequency HAB occurrence areas, Macronutrients
