摘要
工业的快速发展,给资源环境带来了前所未有的压力,于是人们纷纷探讨绿色发展之路。工业绿色发展评价指标体系的研究旨在发现工业绿色转型升级中的薄弱环节,设计评估工业的绿色发展状况的指标,引导工业绿色转型升级,从而实现工业发展与资源环境的和谐统一。文章借鉴脱钩理论的核心理念,分析资源环境的特征指标,利用工业资源消耗或污染物排放变化对工业产值的弹性脱钩值作为考察工业绿色转型升级的动态指标,建立包括工业资源环境压力、工业资源环境弹性脱钩和工业发展绿化度3个方面的工业绿色发展评价指标体系,并应用于广东省21个地级以上城市的评价分析。研究表明,该指标体系对于评价工业绿色发展具有实际可操作性,结果合理、可靠。对广东各地的实证评价分析显示,广东省工业总体绿色发展水平不断提升,在高压力水平下,逐步向资源节约型、环境友好型的新型工业化道路转型。但由于各地工业发展水平不同、资源环境约束目标不同,工业绿色发展的进程也存在较大区域差异。资源环境约束严格的珠三角核心区工业绿色发展情况相对其他地区较好,属高绿化度高资源环境压力的绿色发展模式。资源环境约束较严格的粤北山区工业转型升级也有明显进展。而在资源环境约束管理不大的珠三角非核心区与粤西地区中,江门和湛江工业绿色发展相对较好,肇庆和茂名一般,惠州和阳江工业呈粗放发展,粤东地区除汕头外,工业粗放发展趋势明显。因此,各地应制定针对性措施,促进工业结构调整,限制高消耗、重污染型行业发展,加大工业污染防治力度,推进高消耗、重污染型行业的生态化转型,推动工业绿色转型升级加快。
The rapid development of industry brings great pressure on resource and environment, which indicates the importance of the green development of industry. The design and application of its evaluation index system aims to reveal the weak link in the process of transformation and upgrading, assess the green developing situation, and present specific measures in order to build a harmonious relationship between industry development and resource-environment. Concerning the connotation of ＂green＂ and using the theory of decoupling, this paper analyzes the characterized indicators of resource-environment, then establishes an industry green development evaluation index system, in which resource use and pollutant emission of each output is considered as the static index to test the pressure by industry, elasticity decoupling value of resource use and pollutant emission to industry is employed as the dynamic index to test the green transformation and upgrading. This industry green development evaluation index system is applied to regional assessment of twenty-one cities in Guangdong Province, which shows this evaluation index system is practical and reliable. According to the results, the green level of Guangdong Province industry continuously improves, and gradually takes a new path towards resource-conserving and environment-friendly development. However, there are still regional differences among these twenty-one cities. Pearl River Delta core area which enjoys a sound model for green development makes prominent achievements, and the northern Guangdong comes next; Jiangmen and Zhanjiang do relatively better than Pearl River Delta non-core region and the western Guangdong; cities like Huizhou and Yangjiang have a tendency to extensive growth, as well as the eastern Guangdong except Shantou. Therefore, more efforts are needed to promote structural adjustment and accelerate the eco-transformation process.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期528-534,共7页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201009063-03)
广东省高校学科建设重大攻关项目(粤财教[2010]275号-42)
北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室(广西师范学院)开放基金项目
广东社会科学规划重点项目<珠江三角洲地区资源节约与环境保护研究>
关键词
工业绿色发展
脱钩理论
指标体系
区域评价
广东
industry green development
the theory of decoupling
evaluation index system
regional assessment
Guangdongprovince
