身份追求与规范建设——“边缘大国”改造国际人权规范的动机研究被引量：11

Status Seeking and Norm Building:Emerging Powers' Incentive to the Building of International Human Rights Norms

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摘要国际人权规范建设是世界政治的重要议题。对于国家建设人权规范的动机,以往理论大都局限于西方民主国家的经验,设定这些国家是人权规范的主要推动者,而民主体制及政治文化则是推动规范建设的深层动力。然而,历史研究发现,一些在国际社会中居于相对边缘位置的大国在国际人权规范发展的关键时刻发挥了重要作用,而这其中不少国家并不具备西方民主体制与政治传统。它们倡导人权规范建设的积极性来源于何处?国际关系的已有研究并不能给予解释。有鉴于此,作者引入心理学的社会身份理论,结合国际关系学科有关"承认政治"的已有讨论,论证国家对于自我积极身份的社会承认要求是其推动人权规范建设的重要动机。国家追求积极身份的策略互动过程影响和推动了人权规范变迁。通过比较案例检验,作者发现身份追求的强弱确实是影响国家建设人权规范动机的关键因素。这一假说不仅能够很好地解释非西方大国的实践,同时也能解释许多西方民主国家的经验,具有比现有理论更为广泛的解释力。 This paper investigates an empirical puzzle in the development of international human rights norms;Why did some emerging powers,whose great power status was not well recognized,play a leading role in constructing some norms? How can we explain their enthusiasm for norm building while they even did not possess Western democratic institutions? Former studies,which were mainly based on the experiences of Western countries,could not well address this question.To solve this puzzle,this paper derives insights from Social Identity Theory and the discussion of social recognition in IR studies.It argues that a key incentive of these states to push norm building was their desire to construct a positive identity and have such an identity recognized in international community.To testify this hypothesis,a comparative study of three cases in different stage of human rights norm evolution shows that the desire for positive identityrecognition played a vital role in emerging powers' norm construction efforts.This finding explains not only the experiences of non-Western powers,but also those of many Western democracies.

作者陈拯

机构地区上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院

出处《世界经济与政治》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第5期114-135,159-160,共22页 World Economics and Politics

基金 "上海交通大学文科科研创新基金青年项目"支持(项目号:12QN13)

关键词人权边缘大国积极身份规范建设 human rights norm building positive identity norms building

分类号 D815.7 [政治法律—国际关系]

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