摘要
目的比较中国西部农村不同民族〈3岁婴幼儿的营养状况，探讨其差异的原因。方法采用人口比例抽样法，调查西部10省区45个县14072户有〈3岁婴幼儿的家庭，以身长和体重作为衡量婴幼儿营养状况的指标。结果汉族、维吾尔（维）族、藏族、壮族婴幼儿的身长和体重均低于2006年WHO标准，4个民族间婴幼儿身长和体重及营养不良状况的差异有统计学意义，婴幼儿生长迟缓率分别为14．7％、20．3％、26．9％、26．5％，低体重率分别为6．1％、10．7％、6．8％、15．5％，消瘦率分别为4．2％、5．3％、2．9％、8．9％，营养不良率分别为19．2％、25．5％、30．3％、36．5％。logistic回归分析中调整了家庭人口数、父母教育年限、家庭育儿数、儿童性别、月龄、母亲身高、母亲体重、喂养合理与否和家庭经济收入来源，维、藏、壮和其他少数民族婴幼儿仍然比汉族婴幼儿易患营养不良。结论中国西部农村地区婴幼儿营养状况存在民族差异。在相同的生活条件下汉族婴幼儿营养状况好于少数民族。
Objective To explore the ethnic differences on nutritional status of children under three years old, in the western areas of China and to indentify the affecting factors. Methods 14 072 children under the age of three years and their mothers were recruited, using the proportion population sampling method in 45 counties in the western areas of China. Height and weight were used as the measurement on nutrition of children. Results Height and weight of children with Han, Uyghur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities were all lower than the WHO standards and with differences on height and weight among them. There were also ethnic differences on the status of malnutrition. Prevalence rates of stunting were 14.7% , 20.3% , 26.9% and 26.5% for Han, Uyghur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities, respectively. Prevalence rates of underweight were 6.1%, 10.7%, 6.8% and 15.5% among the Han, Uyghur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities, respectively. The prevalence rates of wasting were 4.2%, 5.3%, 2.9%, 8.9%, and of under nutrition were 19.2%, 25.5%, 30.3 % and 36.5% for the Han, the Uyghur, the Tibetan and the Zhuang ethnicities, respectively. When factors as family size, years of schooling of parents, family numbers, sex, age （months） , mother＇ s height and weight, ways of feeding and sources of family income etc. were adjusted, children with Uyghur, Tibetan, Zhuang and other ethnicities were still presented more malnutrition than the children with Han ethnicity. Conclusion There were differences on malnutrition status of children under the age of three years among the studies on different ethnicities. Undemutrition was less than nutritional status, seen in children of the Han nationality than other minority ethnicites. Ethnicity seemed to be related to differences in the nutritional status of children in western China while children of the Han nationality would be better than other minorities on nutritional status if they were in same living conditionals.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期346-350,共5页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
基金
中国卫生部与联合国儿童基金会资助项目（YH001）
关键词
营养不良
婴幼儿
民族差异
西部农村
Malnutrition
Children under the age of three years
Ethnic difference
Rural counties of western China
