摘要
我国目前的生态系统评估多是将森林和流域生态系统分别评估,没能真正体现生态系统各个过程与功能的耦合性及复杂性。美国加利福尼亚地理信息研究所研发的NetMap,是目前为止发展最完整的森林流域生态系统管理与评价系统,除了美国本土已有多个国家用于流域管理与评价。它以地形数据为基础,从流域角度出发,通过流域地形地貌、植被覆盖及土地利用变化、林火风险与火烈度等级、水文过程以及侵蚀潜在性等方面综合评价研究森林流域水文过程变化与生态系统健康状况,增加生态系统评估的时空性和动态过程。本文主要介绍它的背景、主要功能和应用前景。
Ecosystem assessment in China is usually divided into forest and watershed ecosystems, which did not reflect the connectivity and complexity of ecosystem process and functions. NetMap, which is developed by Earth System Institute in California, America, is the most integrated watershed assessment and resource management system and has been applied in many countries. Starting from the aspect of watershed and based on the digital elevation models, NetMap can evaluate the forest watershed process and ecosystem health condition from watershed topography, vegetation and land use variation, forest fire risk and severity, watershed process, and erosion potential, which improve the spatial and dynamic processes of ecosystem evaluation. The background, main functions, and application prospects of NetMap are introduced in this paper.
出处
《森林工程》
2013年第2期44-47,102,共5页
Forest Engineering
基金
国家林业局948项目(2009-9-43)
