摘要
目的 通过比较健康教育前后心血管病卫生知识、态度及行为 (KAB)的变化 ,评价心血管病健康教育的效果。方法 1995年在北京郊区农村随机调查 80 0人的心血管病知识、态度及行为。经过 4年各种形式的心血管病健康教育后 ,1999年用同样方法复查 897人。结果 1995～ 1999年 ,干预区人群心血管病知识有较大幅度提高 ,特别是一些专业性较强的问题 ,与对照区相比 ,有四个项目有明显净增加 (P <0 .0 1) ,分别为食盐摄入标准、牛奶含丰富的钙可以预防高血压、肥胖和大量饮酒可以使血压升高。1999年干预区人群心血管病知识水平普遍高于对照区。然而 ,行为及态度的正确率增加较少 ,干预区和对照区差异不大。结论 以社区人群为基础的心血管病健康教育对心血管病知识提高较为明显 ,正确的态度及行为提高较少 ,提示人群中由卫生知识转化为健康行为存在着一定障碍。
Objective To evaluate the effect of 4 years health education on cardiovascular diseases through the changes of knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAB). Methods The KAB was examined in a random sample of 800 farmers including 400 in intervention communities(IC)and 400 in control communities(CC)from Beijing Fangshan district in 1995. After 4 years community based health education, 897 farmers including 432 in IC and 465 in CC were selected randomly to examine KAB with the same questionaire in 1999. Results From 1995 to 1999, the knowledge was significantly improved in residents in IC than that of CC, especially for the specialized knowledge. Compared to the residents in CC, a few pieces of knowledge had net increased in the people in IC (P<0.01), which were the criterion of salt intake, potential effect of preventing hypertension of milk due to its abundant calcium, obesity and heavy drinking as risk factors of hypertension. Residents in IC had more knowledge related to cardiovascular diseases than that of CC in 1999. However, positive attitudes and appropriate behavior on cardiovascular diseases were found in smaller increase, with little difference between residents in IC and CC. Conclusion Community based health education on cardiovascular diseases obviously increased the knowledge of population. However, there were barriers to the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits by the general population. It was needed to maximize the efficiency of health education.
出处
《中国行为医学科学》
CSCD
2000年第4期246-248,共3页
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science
基金
国家"九五"攻关课题基金资助!(编号 :96-90 6-0 2-0 2 )
关键词
心血管病
健康教育
知识
态度
行为
Cardiovascular diseases Health education Knowledge,attitude and behavior
