摘要
利用2009—2010年四个季度月用底栖生物抓斗式采样器捕获的文昌鱼样品,从其资源分布、年龄结构、生物学和生态学特征等方面对厦门国家级珍稀海洋物种自然保护区文昌鱼的种群健康状况进行评价研究。结果表明:(1)文昌鱼种群资源分布衰减趋势明显,只在黄厝—前埔海区、小嶝岛—角屿海区和南线—十八线海区3个核心区还有分布,但资源密度低,分布范围狭小,而在鳄鱼屿实验区未能发现。(2)文昌鱼体重与体长之间关系:W=6.6895×104L3.1818;体长与体质量生长方程分别为:Lt=65.63[1e0.68(t+0.32)],Wt=404.62[1e0.68(t+0.32)]3.1818;夏季、冬季航次的优势体长组分别为25—35mm和35—45mm,优势体重组分别为25—50mg和50—100mg;秋季低龄鱼较多,而冬季高龄鱼比例较高。(3)采用ELEFANⅠ技术分析了厦门文昌鱼的Von Bertalanffy生长参数K、L∞、总死亡系数Z、自然死亡系数M和开发率E,发现其生长参数K值较大,自然死亡系数较高,开发率较大(0.69)。综之,厦门自然保护区内的文昌鱼种群健康状况整体不佳,应注意资源保护,加强保护文昌鱼栖息地的底质和水质以及防止过度捕捞以实现其资源可持续利用。
In this paper, the stock health of Branchiostoma belcheri in four seasons from 2009 to 2010 in Xiamen Na- tional Rare Marine Species Nature Reserve were assessed based on stock distribution, quantity, stock age structure, bio- logical and ecological characteristics ofB. belcheri captured by a benthic borrow device. The results showed as follows： （1） B. belcheri is not found in Eyuyu sea waters, while are found in Huangcuo--Qianpu, Xiaodeng--Jiaoyu and Oucuo sea waters, but the densities and their distribution areas are small. （2） The relationship of body mass and body length are： W = 6.6895x10-4L31818; and body length and body mass growth are respectively for： Lt = 65.63[1-e-0.68（t＋0.32）], Wt = 404.62[1-e-~68（t＋~32）]31818. Edge body length group in summer and winter are 25--35mm and 35~45mm respectively, and edge weight group of 25--50mg and 50--100mg. Minor fish are dominant in autumn, while adult fish are dominant in winter. （3） The ELEFAN I method was used to evaluate the Von Bertalanffy growth parameters K, limited length L, total mortality coefficient Z, natural mortality coefficient M and exploited rate E. The value of K and M are both high, and the exploited rate are also high （0.69）. This suggests that the status of B. belcheri stock is unhealthy, and protection of fish resources must be improved to achieve the sustainability, particularly to their habitat and water quality.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期103-110,共8页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目,31272668号
福建省自然科学基金资助项目,2011J1231号
厦门市海洋与渔业局科研项目资助,厦海渔合[2009]6号
集美大学博士科研启动金资助,C612012号
关键词
文昌鱼
种群健康评价
厦门国家级珍稀海洋物种自然保护区
Branchiostoma belcheri, Stock health assessment, Xiamen National Rare Marine Species Nature Reserve
