摘要
目的了解四川省艾滋病病毒(HIV)职业暴露状况,探讨HIV职业暴露的影响因素及防治办法。方法对四川省2007-2011年报告的HIV职业暴露人员进行流行病学个案调查,并作描述性分析。结果 2007-2011年四川省报告HIV职业暴露人员464人,主要来自于卫生、公安司法机构,医护人员占77.58%(360/464)),其次是公安司法人员15.09%(70/464),其他人员7.33%(34/464)人。暴露方式包括针刺伤、锐器伤或接触暴露等,以针刺伤和切割伤为主,占61.43%(285/464)。HIV暴露后预防(PEP)采取清创94.83%(440/464)和预防性服药89.44%(415/464)措施,暴露后4 h内服药的人员占35.07%(148/415)。随访监测未发现HIV抗体阳转者。结论医务人员和警察是HIV职业暴露的主要人群,暴露后采取预防措施可有效预防HIV感染。HIV暴露防护知识的培训、防护药品的可及性是今后工作的重点。
Abstract Objective To understand the status of tors as well as prevention measures. Methods occupational exposure to HIV and explore the influenc Occupational HIV exposure cases reported in Sichuan ing fac- through 2007 -2011 were collected and analyzed with descriptive statistics method. Results A total of 464 cases were reported, which mainly occurred in healthcare personnel and policemen. Cases were distributed as： nurses （77.58%） , policemen （ 15.09% ） and medical workers （7.33%）. Most exposures were caused by needle puncture （61.43%）, mucosa contamination, scratch and wound contamination . The postexposure prophy- laxis of HIV were mainly cleaning the wounds （94.83%） and pre ing medicine within 4 hours after HIV exposure accounted for 35. ventive 07%. medicine （89.44%）, and those tak- Conclusion The medical workers and polices are the high risk groups of occupational HIV exposure. Preventive measures are crucial to reduce expo- sure risk. Knowledge training on HIV exposureprotection and the accessibility to medicine are both focal points in future.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2013年第2期136-138,共3页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
艾滋病病毒
职业暴露
暴露后预防
human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）
occupational exposure
postexposure prophylaxis （PEP）
