摘要
为了研究现有水处理工艺对病毒的处理效果,评价水体安全状况,利用荧光染料SYBR Green I对病毒核酸物质染色,结合流式细胞计数法(Flow Cytometry,FCM)对某饮用水净化厂和某城市污水处理厂各处理工艺中水样的病毒含量进行定量检测及比较研究。为了更加准确地利用流式细胞法评估水样中病毒含量,对水样的固定、染色和稀释条件进行了优化试验。结果表明:检测到的病毒含量随着戊二醛质量浓度的增加而减少;高温染色(80℃)可有效防止低估水样中的病毒含量;利用Mill-i Q纯水作为稀释液所产生的背景值较小,有助于病毒群落的分离。仪器对病毒的最低检出限为4.04×104counts/mL(R2=0.99),实现了利用流式细胞法对水样中病毒含量的快速有效测定。将该方法应用于饮用水厂和污水处理厂病毒去除效果的研究。结果表明,饮用水净化厂的活性炭-超滤膜工艺可有效去除饮用水源水中的病毒,经超滤膜处理后的水样的病毒含量低于检测限;城市污水处理厂微生物处理工艺中水样病毒量突增,这可能是由于作为病毒宿主的细菌含量升高而导致,全套污水处理工艺对水体中的病毒含量没有明显降低和改善。
This paper is aimed to study the variation and removal effi- ciency of the viruses in different water treatment processes using flow cytometry（FCM）. For this purpose, first of all, we began with our study by detecting and estimate the free viruses in water samples by using the flow cytometry combined with the optimization of the fixatim, staining and dilution so as to obtaining accurate and repro- ducible estimates of virus counts in water samples. We were trying to use the FCM in combination of the fluorescence staining with SYBR Green I to analyze the total virus concentration in the water samples we have collected from a drinking water plant and a sewage treatment plant. Our results showed that with the increase of glutaraldehyde, the number of viruses tend to decrease in the samples. However, high staining temperature（80 ℃ ） should be crucial to help to prevent from underestimating the abundance of the natural viruses. In addition, we have found that dilution in Milli - Q water helps to lower the instru- ment background and better discriminate virus groups. The lowest virus concentration can be detected by FCM is 4.04 ×10^4 counts/mL with R2 of the trend line is 0.99. By applying FCM technique, we can achieve a faster detection and more accurate quantification of viruses. The method was further successfully applied to investigate the virus removal effect in a drinking water treatment plant and a sewage treatment plant. In the tested drinking water plants, virus content rate has been found below the detection limit after ultrafihration. The re- suits show that in the drinking water treatment plant the process of ac- tivated carbon-membrane uitrafiltration proves highly effective in re- moval of viruses from the source water. However, no obvious removal of virus has been found in the sewage treatment processes. Due to the high amount of bacteria in activated sludge, virus concentration even increased dramatically after the biological processes in wastewater treatment, which indicates the increased virus are likely consisted of phages. Therefore, it can be concluded that the whole wastewater treatment processes did not show an effective reduction of virus in this ease.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期19-22,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31000247)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20100031120018)
关键词
环境学
病毒
流式细胞法
饮用水
污水
environmentalology
virus
flow cytometry
drinkingwater
wastewater
