摘要
以重庆市永川区陈食街道朱龙花等6村为例,基于全国二次调查土地利用现状图和数字高程模型(DEM),在ArcGIS 9.3平台支持下,进行了30m×30m栅格单元的土地利用与地形因子关系研究,探讨了重庆市永川土地利用特征。结果表明,海拔高度、坡度和坡向与土地利用类型的综合分析有助于从定量剖析土地利用空间分布特征;朱龙花等6村海拔、坡度及坡向均值分别为345m、17.28°和271.25°(西坡);采用高程分带、坡度分级及坡向分类的方法能直观展示土地利用格局特征。耕地(水田及旱地)主要分布在低海拔的平原和丘陵上,阳坡面积大于阴坡,水田尤为突出。园地和林地主要分布在海拔低于400m的丘陵上,坡度小于15°,西坡和西北坡分布最多;草地主要分布在海拔200—500m的平原和丘陵上,坡度小于25°,各坡向均有少量分布;水域、水利建设用地、城镇村及工矿用地分布格局类似,主要分布在300—400m的丘陵上,坡度小于6°,东坡、东南坡分布较多;其他土地分布在海拔低于500m,坡度小于25°,西坡分布较多。从土地利用与生态环境的协调发展角度看,该区域土地利用空间分布格局基本符合生态环境建设的要求,约有2.34hm2的耕地位于坡度大于25°的缓陡坡和陡坡上,应继续推行退耕还林、还草。研究结果表明,地形因子对土地利用的空间格局的影响较大;同一地形因子不同级别下的土地主导利用方式各异,土地利用类型的优势区域不尽相同。
Taking 6 villages in Chenshi town of Yongchuan, Chongqing as an example, the digital elevation model （DEM） and the land - use sur- vey data in the year of 2009 were processed in ArcGIS 9.3. Terrain factors like height, slope and aspect were used to analyze with land - use data by the way of spatial analysis tools. Relationship between land - use spatial pattern and landform factors was revealed. The results showed that elevation, slope combination with aspect together, could help depicting spatial distribution characteristics of land - use. The average elevation, lope gradient and aspect of the watershed were respectively 345 m,7.28~ and 271.25~ （west）. Using elevation zone, classification of slope and aspect could directly show the land use pattern characteristics. Cultivated land were mainly distributed in plains and hills with low elevation, sunny area was greater than the shady ones, especially the paddy fields. Orchard and woodland were mainly distributed in the hills with elevation less than 400m, and slope was less than 15°. The highest distribution of orchard and woodland was west slope and northwestern slopes. The grassland were mainly distributed in the plains and hills of an altitude of 200 - 500m, slope less than 25° and each aspect had a small amount of the distribution. Waters and water conservancy con- struction land were mainly distributed in the hilly 300 - 400m, slope less than 6°, and east and south - east slope with bigger area than others. Town village and industrial land had the similar distribution pattern with waters and water conservancy construction land. Other land located at an elevation lower than 500m with less than 25° slope, and more distributed in west slope. From the perspective of land - use and protection, the coordinated development and ecological environment should be persisted. About 2.34 hectares of arable land located in the slope greater than 25°, where should be continued retuning farmland to forests or grassland. The results showed that terrain factors had an great effect on the spatial pattern of land utilization. Different terrain factors was under the different level leading to different ways of land - use, The advantage area of different land - use was different. The quantity and structure of land - use which were the same types of land - use in different terrain level was also a big difference.
出处
《资源开发与市场》
CAS
CSSCI
2013年第2期118-121,126,F0004,共6页
Resource Development & Market
基金
国家自然科学青年基金项目(编号:41101348)
四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(编号:2010JY0089)
四川省教育厅自然科学重点项目(编号:09ZA120)
科研基金项目(编号:10ZC015)联合资助
关键词
DEM
土地利用
地形因子
空间分布
朱龙花村
DEM
land - use
terrain factors
spatial distribution
Zhulonghua Village
