摘要
为进一步定量探究地形因子在土地利用中的影响程度大小,以湘西州山区为研究对象,借助ArcGIS空间分析功能从DEM数据中提取了湘西州高程、坡度和地形位指数信息,并利用地形位指数、分布指数以及土地利用综合强度指数系统探究了该州土地利用地形梯度效应,同时结合景观格局指数对其进行了景观格局分析。结果表明:1)湘西州土地利用类型空间分布格局具有明显地形梯度效应,高程、坡度与地形位指数对空间格局形成具有重要影响;2)耕地、建设用地和水域一般分布于低地形位区间,其中水域在坡度地形位中同时处于低地形位和高地形位区间。林地大多分布于高地形位区间。土地利用综合强度指数呈现随地形位指数增大而减小的趋势。3)湘西州景观中的耕地破碎度最大且空间结构最为复杂,林地占主体且集聚性最高,景观类型分布不均,景观结构有待优化。该结果可以为湘西州山区土地利用模式优化与水土保持综合治理提供参考依据与建议,助力其减贫发展与乡村振兴。
In order to quantitatively study the influence of topographical factors in land-use of mountainous area,Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture was taken as the research area.Information of elevation,slope and topographical index was extracted out from DEM data by use of spatial analysis modules in ArcGIS software.Topographic index,distribution index and comprehensive intensity index of land-use were used to systematically study the terrain gradient effect of land-use,and combination with the landscape pattern index for landscape pattern analysis.The result shows that:1)The spatial distribution pattern of land-use types has obvious topographic gradient effect,and elevation,slope and topographic index have important influence on the formation of spatial pattern in Xiangxi.2)Cultivated land,construction land and water area are generally distributed in low topographical intervals.Water area distributes in low and high topographical intervals,forest mostly in high topographical interval.The comprehensive intensity index of land-use tends to decrease as the topographic index rises.3)Cultivated land has the largest fragmentation degree and most complicated spatial structure;forest land with the highest accumulation is the main body. The landscape types are unevenly distributed and the landscape structure is to be optimized. Theresults can provide references for the optimization of land-use patterns, as well as comprehensive management of soil and waterconservation, and also can contribute to poverty reduction and rural revitalization in mountainous areas such as Xiangxi.
作者
龚熊波
杨波
刘雨先
王守梅
GONG Xiongbo;YANG Bo;LIU Yuxian;WANG Shoumei(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application,Changsha 410006,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2020年第4期137-144,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(41171342)
湖南省教育厅重点项目(17A127)。
关键词
土地利用与覆被变化
地形梯度效应
景观格局指数
贫困山区
湘西自治州
land use and cover change
topographic gradient effect
landscape pattern index
poor mountainous area
Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture
