摘要
目的调查分析西安市在校大学生对乙肝防治知识知晓率及行为态度现况。方法选择西安市西安工业大学、建筑科技大学等5所高校在校大学生,随机抽取其中8000名进行分组:本科组7543人,硕士组401人,博士组56人,进行问卷调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果三组学生对乙肝的病因及传染性均有良好的认识,而博士组、硕士组对于感染HBV是否就是乙肝患者的知晓率明显优于本科组(χ2=4.57、3.98,P<0.05)。三组学生对乙肝是否经血液传播、性传播和母婴传播均有良好的知晓率,但对与HBV携带者握手或谈话是否会被传染的知晓率低。三组学生对于主动了解乙肝防治知识、愿意帮助乙肝患者和携带者以及不接受非一次性针头注射等问题均有积极的态度和行为,但博士组加强锻炼、提高免疫力的行为率明显低于本科组和硕士组(χ2=4.89、4.11,P<0.05)。三组学生对乙肝需要戒酒的行为积极性较差。结论目前在校大学生对乙肝防治的有关知识认识不全面,高校应该引导学生,做到教学与健康教育相结合,让高校成为大学生养成良好行为的场所。
OBJECTIVE To research and analyze the awareness rate of prevention and control of hepatitis B and behavior attitude of Xi＇ an college students from 2009 to 2011. METHODS 8 000 university students from five universities in Xi＇an such as Xi＇an industrial university and Xi＇an University of architecture and technology were collected. They were divided into three groups： undergraduate group （n=7 543）, master group（n=401） and doctor group（n=56）. Questionnaires were distributed and statistical analyzed. RESULTS The three groups all had good understanding of the cause and infectious of hepatitis B. Doctor group＇s or master group＇s awareness rate of whether HBV infection people is hepatitis B patient was obviously higher than undergraduate group＇s with ~2=4.57, 3.98 and P〈0.05. The three groups all had good awareness rate of blood, sex and perpendicular dissemination. But the awareness rate of whether shake hands or speak with HBV carriers will be infected was low. The three groups all had positive attitude and behavior in actively understanding the knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and control, willing to help hepatitis B patients and carriers and refusing the disposable needle injection. Doctor group＇ s behavior rate of strengthening exercise to enhance immunity was obviously lower than master group＇s or undergraduate group＇s with X^2=4.89, 4.11 and P〈0.05. The three groups all had poor enthusiasm of stop drinking. CONCLUSION Currently college students＂ understanding of hepatitis B was not comprehensive. Universities should guide students and do health education.
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2013年第1期38-39,共2页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
乙肝
大学生
防治
态度
行为
hepatitis B
college students
prevention
attitude
behavior
