摘要
采用描述流行病学调查法,对重庆市渝西地区大足、铜梁、永川及荣昌4区县54个30头母猪及以上规模的猪场进行了现场及电话调查,并随机选择14个猪场的30～90日龄仔猪采集前腔静脉血液自然沉析制备血清;用副猪嗜血杆菌病正向血凝试剂盒检测待检血清的抗体效价;对血清检测呈阳性和强阳性猪的跗关节液进行实验室分离鉴定,并对分离菌株采用纸片法进行药物敏感试验。结果,4区县96%的规模猪场没有免疫副猪嗜血杆菌疫苗,在306份待检血清中共检测出副猪嗜血杆菌阳性及强阳性的39份,平均阳性率为12.75%;4区县间副猪嗜血杆菌的阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05);各区县内规模猪场间副猪嗜血杆菌阳性率差异显著,变异系数从0～85.07%不等;在副猪嗜血杆菌血清呈阳性及强阳性的39份跗关节液中共初步分离鉴定出17株疑似副猪嗜血杆菌。药敏试验结果表明,17株分离菌株对头孢类药物最敏感,敏感率达94%,其次对大环内酯类的阿奇霉素、喹诺酮类的左氧氟沙星及万古霉素敏感,敏感率达82%～84%,这些分离菌株对新霉素、洛美沙星、林可霉素、土霉素、罗红霉素接近中度耐药。结果表明,重庆渝西地区各区县规模猪场副猪嗜血杆菌感染率较低;各区县间的副猪嗜血杆菌感染差异不显著;规模猪场用药习惯、保健方案、用药频率直接影响副猪嗜血杆菌的耐药谱及程度。
Descriptive epidemiological investigation was employed to conduct on-site and telephone survey of 54 pig farms with 30 and more sows in the four counties of Dazu,Tongliang,Yongchuan,and Rongchang in the west of Chongqing.Through natural precipitation,blood serum was made from ante-chamber venous blood taken from piglets of 30-90 days-age in 14 randomly selected pig farms.Meanwhile,hock fluid was collected from pigs with symptoms of Haemophilus parasuis to isolate and identify H.parasuis.Positive hemagglutination kit of H.parasuis was used to check the antibody efficacy of the serum.The hock fluid of pigs with positive and strongly positive indications was singled out for isolation and identification in the laboratory.Disk diffusion method was adopted to conduct drug sensitivity test for the isolated bacterial strains.In result,96% of the medium and large pig farms in the four counties had not been vaccinated against H.parasuis.Tylosin,oxytetracycline hydrochloride,and florfenicol were the major means for the prevention and control of H.parasuis.Of the 306 serum samples 39 were found to be positive or strongly positive.The average positive rate was 12.75%.Statistical analysis indicates that the differences in the positive rates of H.parasuis in the four counties are insignificant（P0.05）.However,the differences in the positive rates of H.parasuis in medium and large pig farms of the four counties were significant（from 0 to 85.07%）.Seventeen suspected strains of H.parasuis were initially isolated and identified from 39 samples of hock fluid found to be H.parasuis positive or strongly H.parasuis positive.As demonstrated by drug sensitivity test via disk diffusion method,the 17 strains of H.parasuis were most sensitive to cephalosporin drugs,with a sensitivity of 94%,which were followed by macrolides（such as azithromycin）,and quinolone（such as levofloxacin and vancomycin）,with sensitivities from 82% to 84%.The strains isolated in the experiment have moderate drug resistance to neomycin,lomefloxacin,lincomycin,terramycin,and roxithromycin.The results showed that the H.parasuis infection rate of the pig farm in the west of Chongqing was low,and there were no significant different between farms of the district and the county in the west of Chongqing.The pharmacy habits,the health care plans,and the medication frequencies of medium and large pig farms have a direct effect on the extent of H.parasuis resistance to drugs.
出处
《中国兽医科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第12期1302-1308,共7页
Chinese Veterinary Science
关键词
副猪嗜血杆菌
血清学
正向间接血凝
药物敏感性
Haemophilus parasuis
serology
indirect hemagglutination
drug sensitivity
