摘要
"来日"是古代文献语言中常见的表示时间的词语。上世纪中叶以来,学术界对"来日"的解释出现了两个重要的变化:一是在语言学方面,发现了"来日"有表示未然时间和已然时间两个相反的义项;二是在文学史方面,对与"来日"相关的一些文学作品有了新的解释。文章利用电子文献资料库对古代文献中的"来日"用例作了穷尽性的考察,从汉语史和文学史两个角度,证明这些几乎已成定论的新说并不成立。同时发现在古代文献里,其实有两个来源和意义都不同的"来日"——表示未然时间的"来日A"和表示已然时间的"来日B"。前者是词,后者是短语,是"来[此地]之日"的双音节形式。"来日"之新说所以产生,源于对"来日B"的误解。文章分析了致误的过程,详细论证了"来日B"的存在和性质,揭示了含有这个词语的文学作品的确切意义。
＂Lairi（来日）＂ is a temporal expression used very frequently in ancient Chinese litera- ture. From the mid-20th century linguists have come to claim that the word ＂lairi＂ has two opposite meanings expressing both past time and time to come. This view has also been accepted by scholars who studied on ancient Chinese literature and compiled into dictionaries. Based on exhausted investi- gation of the electronic corpora of ancient Chinese literature and documents, this paper argues that this subsequent explanation of ＂lairi＂ is not correct. The word ＂lairi＂ stands actually for two differ- ent expressions： one is a word expressing upcoming time and the other a phrase referring to the day of coming here. The confusion of these two forms in the literature leads to the misinterpretation of ＂lai- ri＂.
出处
《语言科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第1期32-50,共19页
Linguistic Sciences
基金
香港教育学院研究启动基金(RGB55/2008-2009)的资助
关键词
来日
善哉行
时间词
汉乐府
词典
汉语史
文学史
＂ lairi＂ Shanzai Xing （善哉行） Yuefu （乐府） temporal expression dictionary history of Chinese language history of Chinese literature
