摘要
目的：调查一般少年神经系统软体征的发生状况，了解不同性别、年龄少年的神经系统软体征的差异。方法：采用两阶段随机整群取样的方法，抽取5个城市的3247名14—19岁的少年。使用剑桥神经科检查（CNI）软体征测试分量表进行神经系统软体征检测。该分量表包括运动协调、感觉整合、脱抑制三个因子，得分越高表明神经系统软体征越严重。结果：本样本中，不同类型神经系统软体征的发生率在0．5％～27．2％之间，最常发生的神经系统软体征依次为左手手指感觉障碍（27．2％）、右手手指感觉障碍（25．7％）、节律拍打障碍（25．1％）、左右定位障碍（18．3％）和左手皮肤书写感障碍（14．5％）。男生的运动协调分[（0．8±1．4）VS．（0．6±1．2）]、感觉整合分[（1．2±1．4）VS．（1．0±1．3）]、脱抑制分[（0．3±0．6）VS．（0．2±0．5）]及神经系统软体征总分[（2．6±2．9）VS．（2．0±2．5）]均高于女生（均P〈0．01）。不同年龄组少年在运动协调分、感觉整合分、脱抑制分及神经系统软体征总分上差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．001），表现为低年龄组得分高于高年龄组得分。结论：一般少年存在不同程度的神经系统软体征阳性症状，男生比女生表现出更明显的神经系统软体征症状，神经系统软体征随年龄的增长呈下降趋势。
Objective： To investigate the prevalence of Neurological Soft Signs （NSS） in normative adolescents and to estimate the difference of neurological soft signs between different gender group and among different age groups. Method： Using two-stage randomized cluster sampling method, totally 3247 mainstream school students aged from 14 to 19 years old were recruited in the present study from 5 cities. The soft signs examinations of the Cambridge Neurological Inventory were administered to all participants to assess neurological soft signs. The soft signs examinations contain three factors, namely motor coordination, sensory integration and disinhibition. Higher scores in each subscale and total soft signs scale reflected greater levels of neurological soft signs. Results： The prevalence of individual neurological soft signs was from 0. 5% to 27. 2%. The most common neurological soft signs were finger agnosia of left hand （27. 2% ）, finger agnosia of fight hand （25.7%）, abnormal rhythm tapping （25.1%）, abnormal left-right orientation （18.3%） and abnormal graphesthesia of left hand （14. 5% ）. Boys ob- tained significant higher scores in motor coordination [ （0. 8 ± 1.4） vs. （0. 6 ±1.2） ], sensory integration [ （ 1.2 ± 1.4） vs. （ 1.0 ± 1.3） ], disinhibition [ （0. 3 ± 0. 6） vs. （0. 2 ± 0. 5） ] and the total of neurological soft signs [ （2. 6 ±2. 9） vs. （2. 0 ±2. 5）] than the scores of girls （P 〈0. 01）. The scores for the motor coordination, sensory integra- tion and disinhibition and total soft signs scale had significant difference among different age groups （P 〈 0. 001）, showing that the scores in younger age group were higher than that in older age group. Conclusion： The current findings indicate that normative adolescents show some degrees of neurological soft signs. Boys have significantly more neurological soft signs than girls. There is a tendency that neurological soft signs decrease with age increase.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期28-32,共5页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2009BA177B02)
关键词
少年
神经系统软体征
横断面研究
adolescents
neurological soft signs
cross-sectional studies
