摘要
资本占有剩余价值是资本主义生产方式的核心机制。它在何种意义上不符合或符合正义,是历史唯物主义需要回答的重要问题。通过解读马克思的文本可以发现,在马克思那里实际上存在着三种不同的正义概念:(1)把正义问题限定在既存的生产方式之内,强调只要是符合价值规律的就是正义的;(2)以重建个人所有制、按需分配和人的自由或自我实现为规范性原则的正义概念,这种正义概念具有一种跨越历史的一般性价值;(3)以一种生产方式在多大程度上推动了生产力发展来判定该生产方式的正义性。其中第三种正义概念可以起到沟通另外两种正义概念的桥梁作用。
The appropriation of surplus value by capital is regarded as the core mechanism of capitalist mode of production. To what extent it accords with justice is a crucial problem to be addressed by his- torical materialism. It is argued in this article that in Marx there exist three different conceptions of justice. （1） The problem of justice is considered relevant only within existing mode of production. In capitalism, for example, to appropriate surplus value accords with justice only because the law of value is respected. （2） Trans-historical principles of justice, which consists of three principles, i. e. , the principle of property rights based upon personal work, the principle of need, and the principle of free- dom and self-realization. （3） Whether a mode of production is of justice depends upon to what extent it serves to develop human productive forces. And it is argued that it is the third conception which might play the role of reconciling the other two conceptions of justice.
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第1期15-26,共12页
Journal of Renmin University of China
