摘要
湿地生态系统是鱼类生存、繁衍之地。由于云南地理位置特殊 ,鱼类多样性的研究及保护状况不仅在国内具有重要地位 ,对下游地区或国家也影响极大。因此 ,应引起国内、外生物学界和保护组织的高度重视。云南鱼类多样性的特点是 :种类丰富、特有类群多 ;区系成分复杂、物种类型多样 ;种群小、数量少。对云南鱼类物种生存构成威胁的外在因素包括 :围湖造田和沼泽化造成的栖息环境破坏 ;引种产生的物种生存空间及食物的竞争 ;污染引起的生存环境质量下降 ;过度捕捞或有害的渔具渔法导致的种群减小和灭绝 ;森林覆盖率下降、水源枯竭对栖息地的影响 ;水电站或水利灌溉大坝等设施对水域环境的影响。为了保护湿地生态系统中的生物 ,应重视生物各大类群的研究 ,加强鱼类物种灭绝内在机制的研究 ,引进物种应按照严格的法律程序。
Wetland ecosystem is the living and breeding area of fish. Because its special location, the study and conservation of fish diversity of Yunnan are very important not only for China, but for neighboring districts and countries. So it should be paid great attention by biologists and conservation organizations. There are many characteristics in fish fauna of Yunnan, such as abundant species and endemic species, complex fauna and diverse species types and small population size. The following factors affect fish living and breeding: habitats damaged by reclaiming land from lakes and swamping, competition for space and food from introduced species, worsening environment quality by pollution, population decrease or extinction resulted from over_fishing, water environment changes by dam and power station, influence from water resources exhaustion and forest declination. All groups of living things and the internal extinctive mechanism of fish species should be studied for conserving organisms in wetland ecosystem. The law of species introduction should be legislated immediately.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
2000年第2期163-168,共6页
Biodiversity Science
基金
云南省应用基础研究基金资助项目
关键词
湿地生态系统
鱼类
物种濒危机制
云南
wetland ecosystem, fishes, endangerment mechanism, Yunnan
