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环保起爆药四(5-硝基四唑)·二水合铁(Ⅱ)化钠的合成和特性 被引量:5

Synthesis and Performances of Green Primary Explosive Sodium Tetra (5-nitrotetrazolate) Diaquate Ferrate (II)
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摘要 以5-硝基四唑钠和氯化亚铁为原料,在98~100℃、回流3h的条件下得到橘黄色四(5-硝基四唑)·二水合铁化钠(NaFeNT)产物,利用元素分析、扫描电镜和能谱、红外分析等方法表征了其结构。研究了NaFeNT的热性能(DSC、爆发点)、安定性(吸湿性、真空安定性)、爆炸性能(爆热、比容、爆速、撞击、摩擦、火焰、静电感度)和废水处理方法。结果表明:NaFeNT放热峰温度为258℃,5S延滞期爆发温度为278oC,30℃/120h条件下吸湿增重3.58%,100℃/连续40h/真空状态下放气量为0.17mL·g-1,爆热、爆速和比容分别为3929J·g-1、5550m·s-1和506mL··g-1。撞击感度低于高氯酸·四氨·双(5-硝基四唑)合钴(Ⅲ)(BNCP)、叠氮化铅(LA)和斯蒂酚酸铅(LTNR),摩擦感度高于BNCP、LA和LTNR,2cm时火焰感度为76%,静电感度较钝感。 Sodium tetra(5-nitrotetrazolate) diaquate ferrate( II ) (NaFeNT) was synthesized from sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate ferrous chloride with temperature 98 -100 ℃ and circumfluence time 3 h. The color of crystal is orange. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis,scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared. The thermal properties ( DSC,explosive temperature) , stability properties ( hygroscopicity, vacuum stability) , explosive properties ( explosion heat, specific volume, detonation velocity, impact, friction, flame, electrostatic spark sensitivity) and wastewater treatment method were studied. The results show that the thermal decomposition peak of NaFeNT is 258℃ and 5 s explosive temperature is 278 ℃. The hygroscopicity capacity is 3. 58% under 30 ℃/120 h and decomposition gas capacity is 0.17 mL. g -~ under 100℃/ 40 h/vacuum. Explosion heat, detonation velocity and specific volume are 3929 J ·g-1, 5550 m ·s-1 , 506 mL ·g-1 , respectively. NaFeNT is insensitive to impact, electrostatic spark and sensitive to friction. Its flame sensitivity is 76% with 2 cm.
出处 《含能材料》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第6期726-730,共5页 Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
基金 总装备部基金项目资助(预2008809)
关键词 有机化学 起爆药 四(5-硝基四唑)·二水合铁化钠 环保 合成 性能 organic chemistry primary explosive sodium tetra (5-nitrotetrazolate) diaquate ferrate (NaFeNT) green synthesis performance
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