摘要
为了解黄河下游引黄灌区地下水重金属污染水平,在引黄灌区豫、鲁两省采集59个地下水样品,定量分析了11种重金属元素(Ba、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Se和Zn)的含量及空间分布特征,应用健康风险评价模型评价了地下水中重金属污染所引起的健康风险.结果表明,地下水中Fe和Zn的平均浓度较高,分别为0.496 mg·L-1和0.445 mg·L-1.Fe、Mn、Se和Zn出现超标现象,超标率分别为:27.12%、27.12%、15.25%和5.09%.采用Inverse Distance Weighted插值法得到了黄河下游引黄灌区地下水重中金属含量的空间分布,发现地下水中超标的重金属主要分布在武城县、范县、东阿县、禹城市和冠县等区域.健康风险评价表明,非致癌物质通过饮水途径引起的健康风险高于皮肤暴露,但致癌物质的皮肤暴露致癌风险高于饮水途径.饮水和皮肤暴露途径中,致癌物质的个人年风险均以Cr最大,分别是Cd的7倍和28倍,但二者均低于最大可接受风险水平(5×10-5a-1).非致癌物质(Ba、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Se和Zn)的饮用水健康风险集中在1.13×10-9～6.06×10-8a-1,皮肤接触健康风险集中在1.73×10-13～3.46×10-10a-1,均小于最大可接受风险水平.
In order to investigate the contamination levels of groundwater in the irrigation districts of the lower reaches of Yellow River,fifty-nine groundwater samples collected from the irrigation districts of Henan and Shandong provinces,were analyzed.Health risks associated with eleven metals（Ba,Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se and Zn） were assessed using water pollution index and USEPA health risk assessment model.The average concentrations of Fe with 0.496 mg·L-1 and Zn with 0.445 mg·L-1 were higher than the concentrations of other heavy metals.Concentrations of Fe,Mn,Se and Zn exceeded the relevant standards and the over-standard rates by 27.12%,27.12%,15.25% and 5.09%,respectively.Inverse distance weighted method was applied to estimate the unobserved points and their distribution maps were obtained,which indicated that areas of over-standard heavy metals were Wucheng country,Fan country,Dong＇e country,Yucheng city and Guan country.Health risks of ingestion of water for all non-carcinogenic metals are higher than those of dermal absorption,while health risks of ingestion of water for carcinogenic metals is lower than those of dermal absorption.Among the health risks caused by the carcinogenic metals in drinking water and dermal absorption,the highest risks associated with Cr,are seven times and twenty-eight times as that of Cd,respectively,but both were significantly lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP（5×10-5 a-1）.The non-carcinogenic metal risks（Ba,Cu,Fe,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se and Zn）,ranging from 1.73×10-13 to 3.46×10-10 a-1 in dermal absorption and from 1.13×10-9 to 6.06×10-8 a-1 in drinking water,were much lower than the maximum allowance levels.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期121-128,共8页
Environmental Science
基金
中国科学院"百人计划"项目
关键词
地下水
重金属
引黄灌区
黄河下游
风险评价
groundwater
heavy metal
irrigation district
lower reaches of Yellow River
risk assessment
