摘要
目的探讨粤、闽、赣三省交界地区狂犬病近10年流行病学特征及流行因素,为制订狂犬病防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2001-2010年广东省平远县、福建省武平县、江西省寻乌县传染病疫情资料、狂犬病个案资料和狂犬病疫点调查处理资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析研究。结果 2001-2010年粤、闽、赣三省交界地区共报告狂犬病例48例,年平均发病率为0.53/10万。常年散发,秋季发病较多(占40%)。发病地区以农村为主,农民和农村学生为主要发病人群,男性多于女性(性别比为1.5∶1),40～70岁年龄组发病较多(占62.5%)。头面部咬伤的潜伏期短,下肢咬伤的潜伏期较长。83.3%的病例未进行规范伤口处理,87.5%的病例未进行免疫接种。结论粤、闽、赣三省交界地区狂犬病疫情较为严重,农村群众防病意识差、暴露后未进行规范伤口处理和未注射狂犬疫苗是导致狂犬病发病的主要原因。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic factors of rabies of the junction of Guangdong,Fujian and Jiangxi provinces in recent 10 years and provide the scientific basis for rabies prevention and control measures. Method The epidemic data of infectious diseases and rabies epidemic investigation case data of 2001- 2010 were collected from Guangdong province Pingyuan county,Fujian province Wuping county,and Jiangxi province Xunwu county and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results 2001-2010 48 cases of rabies cases were reported with a mean annual incidence rate of 0.53/10 million,occurred through out the year and more incidences in autumn （40%）,a sex ratio of 1.5 to 1,high incidence for the age group of 40-70 years （62.5%）, occurred mainly in rural areas ,farmer and students.Cases caused by head and facial bites showed a short incubation period ,while lower limb bite showed a longer latency.83.3% case did not have standardized wound treatment and 87.5% cases without vaccination. Conclusions At the junction of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces rabies epidemic is serious. Low consciousness of prevention of the disease, no proper treatment after dog bites and no injection of rabies vaccine are the main reasons leading to high incidence of rabies.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2012年第11期1382-1384,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
狂犬病
流行特征
免疫
rabies
epidemic characteristics
immunity
