移情在道德强度对企业道德决策影响中的作用被引量：14

The Role of Empathy on the Relationship between Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision Making in the Business

导出

摘要本研究将一种重要的道德情绪——移情引入问题权变模型中,以探讨移情因素在道德强度对企业道德决策影响中的作用。本研究基于情景研究法,随机选取256名MBA学生为被试,要求被试基于所提供情景中假想参与者的行为,回答随后测量道德决策(道德识别、道德判断和道德意图)、移情反应、主观道德强度及移情特质的问题。结果发现,1)移情反应在道德强度对企业道德决策的影响中具有中介作用;2)移情关怀特质会通过影响主观道德强度和移情反应而作用于企业道德决策;3)结果大小、社会舆论和效应可能性对道德判断和道德意图的影响机制各有特点。 Jones （ 1991 ） postulated ＇moral intensity＇ of an issue as a starting point in the ethical decision making process. The Jones＇ study mainly explored the relationship between moral intensity and ethical decision making, but ignored investigating the influencing mechanism. The present study tried to include empathy into the Issue - Contingent Model to explore the mechanism of the influence of moral intensity on ethical decision making in business. The present paper reported the results of a vignette - and questionnaire -based research project. One scenario about the employee＇s health was created allowing independent manipulation of the four MI components （ magnitude of consequences, probability of effect, social consensus, proximity） as high or low moral intensity. All possible combinations were utilized, resulting in 16 different versions. The participants were presented with one version of the scenario. The scenario was followed by items assessing ethical perception, ethical judgment and ethical intention, empathic response, perceived moral intensity, dispositional empathy （including empathic concern and perspective - taking）. The study selected 256 MBA students as participants. LISREL 8.51 was used to make the structural equation model including the role of empathy in the influence of moral intensity on ethical decision making in business. The results indicated that 1 ） the empathic response completely mediated the relation between moral intensity and moral recognition, and partly mediated the relation between moral intensity and moral judgment, moral intent; 2） dispositional empathic concern influenced ethical perception, ethical judgment and ethical intention through perceived moral intensity and empathic response; 3） magnitude of consequence, social consensus, and probability of effect affected moral judgment and moral intent by a different mechanism. Those findings deepen our understanding of the influencing mechanism of moral intensity on ethical decision making, especially the role of emotions and reasons in ethical decision making. In addition, the present study found that empathy had an important role in the effect of moral intensity on ethical decision making. Future research can also manipulate the level of empathy response to explore whether the level of empathy can moderate the effect of moral intensity on ethical decision making.

作者李晓明傅小兰王新超

机构地区中国科学院心理研究所晓庄学院心理学系北京大学光华管理学院

出处《心理科学》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2012年第6期1429-1434,共6页 Journal of Psychological Science

基金国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(30900410),国家自然科学基金面上项目(61075042) 晓庄学院青年学术骨干培养计划项目(09XGG22)的资助

关键词移情道德强度问题权变模型道德决策 empathy, moral intensity, Issue - Contingent Model, ethical decision making

分类号 F270 [经济管理—企业管理] F224 [经济管理—国民经济]

引文网络
相关文献

参考文献23

1朱丹,李丹.初中学生道德推理、移情反应、亲社会行为及其相互关系的比较研究[J].心理科学,2005,28(5):1231-1234. 被引量：30
2Barnett,T.,& Valentine, S. (2004) . Issue contingent and marketers’.
3recognition of ethical issues, ethical judgments and behavioral inten-tions. Journal of Business Research, 57, 338 - 346.
4Batson, C. D. (1991). The altruism question ; Toward a social psycho-logical answer. Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum.
5Davis, M. H. ( 1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differ-ences in empathy. Journal Supplement Abstract Service : Catalog ofSelected Documents in Psychology, 10{4) , 1 - 18.
6Davis. M. H.,Hall, J. A.,& Meyer, M. (2003). The first year: In-fluences on the satisfaction,involvement,and persistence of newcommunity volunteers. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,29,248 — 260.
7de Vignemont, F.,& Singer, T. (2006). The empathic brain : How,when and why? Trends in Cognitive Science, W,435 - 441.
8Eisenberg, N. (2000 ) . Emotion, regulation, and moral development.Annual Review of Psychology, 51, 665 - 697.
9Eisenberg, N.,Eggum, N. D. , & Di Giunta, L. (2010). Empathy -related responding: Associations with prosocial behavior, aggression,and intergroup relations. Social Issues and Policy Review, 4(1) , 143-180.
10Frey, B. F. (2000), The impact of moral intensity on decision makingin a business context. Journal of Business Ethics,26 (3) , 181 -.

二级参考文献14

1张嘉玮,崔光成.12—16岁被助儿童的自助能力、移情能力与亲社会行为关系的研究[J].心理发展与教育,1993,9(1):14-17. 被引量：7
2刘志军.中学生的道德判断推理水平、同伴关系和亲社会行为关系的研究[J].心理科学,2001,24(5):629-630. 被引量：30
3Krebs D, Heateren F. V. The Development of Altruism: Toward an Intergrative Model. Development Review, 1995,14 : 103 - 158.
4Smith, David Woodruff. The Circle of Acquaintance : Perception,Consciousness, and Empathy. Dordrecht, Boston:Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.
5俞国良.社会认知视野中的亲社会行为[J].社会心理研究,1997,4:32-32.
6Kohlberg. L. The Philosophy of moral development : Moral stages and the idea of justice . San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1981.
7Rest, J. R. Morality. n . Mussen ED., Handbook of child psychology : Vol. 3. Cognitive development. New York : Wiley, 1983 :556 - 629.
8Damon, w. The social world of the child. San Francisco:Jossey Bass,1977.
9Eisenberg,N. Altruistic emotion, cognition and behavior. Hillsdale,NJ : Erlbaum, 1986.
10Rushton, J. P. Social learning theory and the development of prosocial behavior. In: N. Eisenberg (Ed.). The Development of Prosocial Behavior. Academic Press, Inc. (London)Ltd., 1982.