摘要
目的探讨孝感地区儿童呼吸道流感嗜血杆菌感染流行病学特点及耐药性分析。方法总结本地区2009-2011年3328例呼吸道感染患儿的流行病学资料,对其呼吸道分泌物标本进行细菌培养、分离、鉴定、药敏试验。结果共分离出流感嗜血杆菌433株,2~3岁组感染率明显高于其他年龄组（P﹤0.05）。流感嗜血杆菌的生物学分型以5型最多（39.7%）;血清学分型以可分型株为主（67.2%）,其中a型最多。流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林、磺胺甲噁唑、氯霉素的耐药率分别为21.4%～44.8%、31.6%～59.3%、10.2%～24.7%,对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、阿奇霉素、头孢噻肟、头孢呋辛、氨苄西林/舒巴坦的耐药率均低于10.0%。β-内酰胺酶阳性率为24.0%。结论本地区儿童流感嗜血杆菌是呼吸道感染的主要致病菌之一,以冬季高发,2～3岁为高危人群,β-内酰胺酶阳性率逐年升高,头孢菌素、阿奇霉素是适合儿童的敏感抗菌药物。
Objective To study epidemiological features and drug-resistance of respiratory infection of Haemophilus intluenzae （HI） in children in Xiaogan region. Methods Bacterial culture, isolation identification and drug sensitive test were performed in samples from respiratory tract secretions of 3 328 children with respiratory infections in local region from 2009-2011. Epidemiological data were analyzed. Results A total of 433 strains of HI were isolated. Infection rate in group of 2-3 year-old was significantly higher than those of other age groups （P 〈 0.05）. Type 5 HI was the most common biological form （39.7%）. Most of the strains could be serotyped, of which type A was most common. Resistance rates of HI to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol were 21.4%-44.8%, 31.6%-59.3% and 10.2% -24.7%, Resistance rates to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime and ampicillin/shubatan were all below 10%. Positive rate of β-1actamase was 24.0%. Conclusion Haemophilus intluenzae is one of the most common causes of respiratory infections in children in the region, with higher in winter, common in 2 -3 year-old age. Positive rate of β-1actamase increases year by year. Cephalosporin and azithromycin are sensitive drugs suitable for children.
出处
《北京医学》
CAS
2012年第12期1051-1054,共4页
Beijing Medical Journal
关键词
流感嗜血杆菌
呼吸道感染
流行病学
耐药
Haemophilus intluenzae Respiratory tract infection Epidemiology Antibiotic resistance
