摘要
本文首先介绍在磁场B=O区域内带电粒子的运动受到粒子未到达区域中的磁场的影响的微观实验和宏观实验(简称为微观A-B效应实验和宏观A-B效应实验)。在此基础上说明不引用矢势A的经典电动力学是不能对其进行解释的,而量子力学的薛定楞方程中本质地含有矢势A,因而A-B效应的本质的揭示首先来源于量子力学理论和微观领域的实验是很自然的。从而说明矢势A在经典电动力学和量子力学中都是不可缺少的客观存在的物理量,而且用宏观实验和微观实验都是可以对其进行测量的。
In this article, we first introduce two kinds of experiments, the microscopic ones andmaeroscopic ones, which are about effect of the magnetic field where a charged particle hasn't reach on the movement of the particle in a region where B=0. (In brief, we call these experiments A-B microeffect and macroeffect). On this foundation we point out that it's impossible to explain these phenimena by classical electrodynamlcs in which the vector potential A isn't introduced, and the Schrodinger equation in Quantum mechanics intrinsically contains vector potential A. Furthermore, we show that it's very natural that the revelation of the essence of the A-B effect comes first from theories and experiments in microregion in quantum mechanics. In this way we draw the conclusion that the vector potential A is a real physical field indispensable both in classical electrodynamics and quantum mechnics, which can be measurcd by experiments either microscopic or macroscopic ones.
关键词
矢势
A-B效应
双缝干涉
场动量
Vector potential, A-B effect, Double-slitinterference, Infinte loog solenoid, Momentum potential of field.
