摘要
目的 调查我国 30个省、市及自治区的无眼或小眼畸形的现状。方法 采用以医院为基础的监测方案 ,对我国 1988～ 1992年 30个省、市及自治区 44 3～ 5 88所医院的孕满 2 8周至生后 7天的围产儿进行了监测。结果 5年共监测 3 2 46 40 8例围产儿 ,其中无眼或小眼畸形者 382例 ,发病率呈逐年下降趋势 ,平均 5年发病率为 1 18/万 ( χ2 =7 381,P <0 0 1)。其发病率农村高于城镇 (P<0 0 5 ) ,女性高于男性 (P <0 0 5 )。甘肃省发病率为 2 6 5 /万 ,天津市为 0 2 1/万。单发畸形 47例 ;多发畸形 335例 ( 87 7% ) ,其中伴颌面部畸形者 2 33例 ( 6 9 6 % )、肌肉骨骼系统畸形者 187例 ( 5 5 8% )和中枢神经系统畸形者 142例 ( 42 4% ) ,综合征者 2 7例 ( 8 1% ) ,以 2 1 三体综合征居多 ,为 16例。结论我国各省市发病率存在明显差异 ,对于无眼或小眼畸形者 ,尤其是合并多发畸形者 。
Objective To investigate the descriptive epidemiological characteristics of cases with anophthalmos and microphthalmos in China Method According to the hospitalbases monitoring method, the birth defects monitoring program was undertaken in 443-588 hospitals from 30 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China Data of the new born babies including intrauterine death and stillbirth from 28 weeks of gestation to a period of 7 days after birth were collected between 1988 and 1992 Results There were 3 246 408 babies monitored, among which 382 cases of anophthalmos and microphthalmos were found The average prevalence rate was 118/10 000 in China The decreasing tendency of prevalence rate was shown during the period (χ2=7381, P<001) The average prevalence rate in the rural area was significantly higher than that in the urban area, and the female cases were higher than that of male cases The prevalence rates among various regions varied from 021 to 229/10 000 with the highest in Gansu province and lowest in Tianjin city 877% of the cases with anophthalmos and microphthalmos were associated with other congenital malformations (multiple malformations) The associated malformations were mostly facial (including ear, neck, etc) followed by skeletomuscular system and central nervous system 81% of cases were diagnosed as syndromes, among which trisomy 21 was the most common condition Conclusions There were large variations in the prevalence rates of anophthalmos and microphthalmos in different parts in China Careful analysis, particularly the chromosome analysis, should be performed to correctly diagnose the cases, especially for those with multiple malformations
出处
《中华眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第2期141-144,共4页
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
