摘要
乌鲁木齐河由南向北纵贯乌鲁木齐市区,洪水成因主要为冰雪消融与降水形成的混合型洪水,对城市危害较大.为预防和减轻洪水对城市造成灾害,依据水文站大量实测洪水、气象资料,并以河流地质资料为基础,对洪水过程的渗漏损失量进行了估算,对河流出山口以后山前区河流洪水演变、洪水波的运动规律进行了分析.乌鲁木齐河洪峰衰减量随洪水量级增大而增加,但洪峰相对衰减量却随洪水量级增大而减少.这种洪峰衰减损失与河流山前带地质结构及洪水到达乌拉泊站前所经山前冲洪积扇的砂卵砾石层分布有关.连续发生数日洪水时,由于出山口以后下垫面中含水量的增加,相对衰减量会变逐渐减少.相关关系分析表明,利用乘幂关系可对河流出山口乌拉泊站的洪峰流量进行预报.基于该关系对下游洪水过程的预报,可以为下游水利工程、城市防洪管理等提供决策依据.
In this paper,the leakage loss and output of Urabo Station during flooding of the ürümqi River are estimated based on observed floods and meteorological data and river geology investigation.Process of flood and dynamics of flood waves are also investigated.Amount of ürümqi River flood peak attenuation increases with flood levels,but the relative attenuation of peak flood decreases with increasing flood amount.This flood peak attenuation loss is connected with the geological structure of the piedmont belt of the river and the distribution of alluvial sand and gravel layers.When successive flood takes place in the next few days,the relative attenuation will gradually decline as later increasing in the moisture content of the underlying layers.Correlation analysis shows that power relationship can be employed to forecast river flood peak at Urabo Station.The results can be used to predict the downstream floods and provide good basis for flood control in the downstream hydraulic engineerings and cities.
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期1229-1235,共7页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-GJ04)
科技部国际合作项目(2010DFA92720-23)资助
关键词
乌鲁木齐河
洪水危害
山前区河道地质
洪水渗漏损失
river geology
flood leakage loss
groundwater recharge
piedmont area of the rümqi River
