摘要
传统的美国研究生教育是以培养学术精英为主的,并呈现出重博士教育、轻硕士教育的文化心理特征。过去40年来,尤其是近20年来,教育、商业两个学科领域的专业学位硕士研究生教育面向职场培养非学术化人才取得巨大成功,带动美国研究生教育规模在整个学位教育中的相对比重提高了近8%。同时,美国学术机构的人力资源政策在过去40年来发生了重要的变化,学术人才的职业选择需要作出调整。因此,美国研究生层次的高等工程教育改革正在汲取教育、商业等专业学位教育的经验,面向非学术机构培养职场人才。专业科学硕士学位教育是这场改革的重点,凯克研究院则是发起这一改革的先驱机构。
The traditional American graduate education is to cultivate the academic elite,which shows the emphasis on doctoral education,but the neglect of master education.Over the past 40 years,especially in the past 20 years,the huge success of professional graduate education of master degree which aimed at training workplace-oriented but non-academic talents in the disciplines of education and business has led to the improvements of the scale of graduate education in the entire degree education by nearly 8%.Meanwhile,because of important changes in the human resources policies in the U.S.academic institutions in the past 40 years,there′s the needs to adjust the career choice of academic talents.So,U.S.higher engineering education reform in graduate level is learning from the experience in professional degree education such as education and business disciplines,aiming at personnel training for non-academic institutions.The focus of this reform is Professional science master′s degree in education,and the Keck Research Institute is a pioneer institution to initiate this reform.
出处
《高等工程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第5期18-27,共10页
Research in Higher Education of Engineering
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"以跨学科研究为核心的学科建设政策研究--协同学的视角"(项目编号为12YJA880022)
教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目"近20年来美国高等工程教育的话语演变及改革趋势研究"(项目编号为12JDGC014)的阶段性成果
"北京高校产学研合作教育人才培养模式实施与推进"项目的启发和支持。该项目的负责人为北京市教育科学研究院吴岩教授
北京化工大学子项目的负责人为王秀平研究员
