摘要
绿色化学中经常讨论的两个概念是原子经济性和化学专一性,这说明绿色化学是关于反应和反应效率的化学。原子经济性,作为衡量合成方法效能的新标准是重要的,但经济性的考虑必须建立在立体化学选择性/专一性的基础上,这表明化学专一性是更基本的,因而是更重要的。本文讨论的另一个问题是:由于热力学的限制和平行反应的干扰,无论原子经济性还是化学专一性都很难实现100％,高度专一性遂成为实际上的唯一选择,且成为绿色化学中最基本的论题。为了弥补高度而非100％专一性的不足,清洁制备成为必须。清洁制备连同产品的功能化设计一起添加到专一性这一基本问题上,构成了绿色化学的基本概念网络。
Two concepts frequently described in green chemistry are atom economy and chemical specificity, indicating that green chemistry is the chemistry about reaction and reaction efficiency. Atom economy is important as a new standard to measure the quality of a synthetic method, however, the economic consideration has to be taken on the basis of stereochemical selectivity/specificity. This fact indicates that chemical specificity is more fundamental and important. The second fact discussed in this paper is both atom economy and chemical specificity. They are in most case hard to reach 100% due to the thermodynamic obstacles and/or the competition of parallel reactions. A high degree of specificity becomes the only choice in practice and is the most fundamental topic of green chemistry. In order to remedy the defect that the high but not 100% degree brings about, clean preparation is derived to be necessary for green chemistry. Clean preparation together with the design of functional products is added to the topic of specificity to build up a fundamental framework of green chemistry.
出处
《中国基础科学》
2000年第4期16-18,共3页
China Basic Science
