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自然法因何具有约束力,具有怎样的约束力?——论洛克关于自然法约束力的思想

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摘要 关于自然法约束力的思想是洛克为其政治哲学奠基的一个重要环节。自然法之所以具有约束力乃因其源自人类理性的本性并能为理性自身所认识。理性对自然法的认识既是关于永恒正义的认识,也是理性对自身的认识与肯定,从而确立起规定人自身的普遍法则,实现理性的自觉,这种自觉也被洛克称为"良心"或"良知"。正是这种内在的良知承担起审判与惩罚的功能,确保了自然法的约束力贯彻始终。只要理性的本性不变,自然法便具有永恒的和普遍的约束力。个人的权利与公共的权力正是基于自然法才获得正当性。
作者 李季璇
机构地区 清华大学人文学院哲学系
出处 《浙江学刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第5期35-42,共8页 Zhejiang Academic Journal
关键词 约束力 良知 理性的本性 普遍的 永恒的
分类号 D90 [政治法律—法学理论]
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参考文献10

  • 1John Locke,Essays on the Law of Nature (the Latin text with a translation, introduction and notes, together with tran- scripts of Locke's shorthand in his journal for (676) ,edited by W. von Leyden,Locke's sixth essay, "Are Men Bound by the Law of Nature?",Oxford.at the Clarendon Press,1954,p. 181.
  • 2John Locke,Essays on the Law of Nature(the Latin text with a translation,introduction and notes,together with tran- scripts of Loeke's shorthand in his journal for 1676) ,edited by W. yon Leyden, Locke~s sixth essay, "Are Men Bound by the Law of Nature?", Oxford . at the Clarendon Press, 1954, pp. 185,185.
  • 3John Locke, The First Tract on Government, edited with an introduction, notes and translation by Philip Abrams, Cam bridge.at the University Press,1967,p. 138.
  • 4John Locke, Essays on the Law of Nature (the Latin text with a translation, introduction and notes, together with transcripts of Locke's shorthand in his journal for 1676) ,edited byW. yon Leyden,Locke's sixth essay,"Are Men Bound by the Law of Nature", Oxford.at the Clarendon Press, 1954, pp. 189,185- 187,189.
  • 5[英]约翰·洛克.《政府论》下篇,瞿菊农、叶启芳译,商务印书馆,2008年,第139-140页.
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  • 7[英]约翰·洛克.《政府论》下篇[M].商务印书馆,1964年版.第80、36、10、11页.
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  • 9John Locke,Essays on the Law of Nature (the Latin text with a translation,introduction and notes,together with transcripts of Locke's shorthand in his journal for 1676) ,edited by W. yon Leyden,Locke's seventh essay,"Is the Binding Force of the Law oI Nature Perpetual and Universal",Oxford'at the Clarendon Press,1954,pp. 197,199,201,203,203.
  • 10John Locke,Essayson the Law of Nature (the Latin text with a translation,introduction and notes,together with tran- scripts of Locke's shorthand in his journal for 1676),edited by W. von Leyden,Oxford.at the Clarendon Press, 1954,'Introduc- tion' ,p. 59. A9.
浙江学刊
2012年 第5期

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