摘要
目的:了解恩施土家族人的体质特征及其增龄性的变化,为国民经济计划的制定提供参考。方法:分层随机抽样与体质特征的观察和测量。结果:该民族一般为中等偏矮身材,尖圆脸,一字眉,少蒙古褶,眼裂水平,鼻背较直,鼻翼较宽,上唇皮肤高中等,唇较厚,方形耳垂,颏部直立,各指标测量值男大于女,具有显著的性别差异;随年龄增长,几乎各种高度值减少,围度值和横径增加,导致体形变矮变胖。结论:恩施土家族的体质特征有别于其他民族,其指标值与形态特征介于我国南、北方民族之间,可能属于南、北方民族之间的过渡型。
Objective:In order to provide reference information for working out a plan for national economy,physical characteristics and their age-related changes of Tujia nationality in Enshi were investigated.Methods:Random sampling was used and physical characteristics were observed and measured.Results:In general,they possessed medium stature,oval-shaped face‘-'shaped eyebrow,rare mongoloid folds in eyes,horzontal direction of eyeslits,straight nasal bridge,wide nasal alae,medium height of the skin of the upper lip,thick lip,quadrangular earlop and stand straight chin.Averages of all measured projects of men were larger than women and averages between men and women had obvious sexual difference.As the ageincreased almost all the heights decreased,horizontal circumference and transverse diameter increased,and their bodies got shorter and fatter.Conclusions:Tujia nationality in Enshi was an independent nationality because its physical characteristics differed from other nationalities.The nationality might belong to a transitional type between north nationalities and south nationalities because all the measured averages and morphological characteristics were between those of the south nationalities and those of the north ones in China.
作者
朱世柱
王纪
杨芳
王东川
张先芷
Zhu Shizhu;Wang Ji;Yang Fang(Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology,Basic Medical College,Hubei Medical University,Wuhan 430071,China)
基金
卫生部、国家民委、国家统计局“八五”攻关课题,湖北省卫生厅赞助资金
