摘要
彩票具有明显的赌博性质 ,为清朝禁赌法律所不容 ,传入中国后一度遭禁止。清朝末年财政窘困 ,天灾人祸交逼 ,清政府缺乏吸引民间投资的有效手段 ,遂不得不借彩票应付各种要需。中国彩票首先在救灾的名义下 ,冲破法律的禁阻创办于上海 ;各地政府纷纷仿效 ,寻找各种借口滥发彩票 ,作为敛财的新手段 ;清政府无力干预 ,它对彩票正常行销的种种规定也形同虚设。清朝覆灭前 10年间 ,彩票风靡全国 ,绝不是经济政策的进步开明 ,而是清政府权力衰微不能对社会实行有效控制的表征 ,是法律无力监管人们行为的必然结果 ,追根溯源是国家的政治腐败。
This article examines the whole process of the establishment, spread and ban of lotteries during the late Qing dynasty. The author suggests that lottery was clearly a form of gambling and unlawful under the Qing government's anti gambling law. Therefore it had been banned since it was first introduced into China. During the late Qing, faced with a financial crisis and various natural disasters and man made calamities, the Qing government lacked an effective means for attracting non governmental investment. This serious situation forced it to introduce lotteries to meet its various needs. The first lottery in China was established in Shanghai, breaking down the anti lottery ban in the name of disaster relief. Following this example, local governments all over the country issued lottery tickets recklessly as a new mean of accumulating wealth. The Qing government was unable to intervene, and its various regulations governing the sale of lottery tickets served practically no function. The wild spread of lotteries during the late Qing does not indicate progressive and liberal tendencies in economic policy, but rather that the Qing government was too weak to control society effectively. It was the inevitable outcome of the powerlessness of law to supervise human behavior, and its ultimate root was the state's political corruption.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2000年第4期1-52,共52页
Modern Chinese History Studies
