摘要
目的总结内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）并发十二指肠穿孔的临床诊治策略。方法2005年1月至2011年12月间杭州市第一人民医院共对11250例患者进行ERCP．其中15例（0．13％）出现十二指肠穿孔．对该15例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果15例患者中男性6例．女性9例．年龄45-87岁。7例为十二指肠乳头括约肌切开（EST）穿孔，5例为内镜致十二指肠壁穿孔．3例为导丝和网篮致穿透性穿孔。所有患者均有程度不一的腹痛和腹胀症状：上腹部CT提示胰周和后腹膜不同程度的积气或积液。7例穿孔在ERCP中经X线透视即获诊断：8例于术后3h至5d出现腹痛、腹胀、皮下积气和发热等症状，经腹部平片或上腹部CT明确诊断。9例患者采取内科保守治疗．其中4例在穿孔后3h内发现．采用内镜下金属钛夹封闭穿孔口加鼻胆管引流术．无腹腔脓肿发生，住院时间10-15d；5例于穿孔后10h至5d诊断，并发肠瘘2例，腹腔脓肿4例。死亡1例，住院时间15-105d。6例患者采取手术治疗，其中4例在穿孔后4-8h手术者术后无脓肿形成．住院时间18．21d：另2例分别于穿孔后24h和30h手术，术后反复腹腔出血1例．腹腔脓肿致多器官功能衰竭死亡1例。结论对于ERCP并发十二指肠穿孔。首要的是依靠术中及时发现及术后CT等检查尽早明确诊断：治疗上除传统的外科手术外．应积极采用内镜下金属钛夹、鼻胆管引流术等内镜微创治疗。
Objective To summarize the experience with duodenal perforations to determine a systematic management approach. Methods A total of 11 250 patients who received endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） in The First People＇s Hospital of Hangzhou from January 2005 to December 2011 and 15 （0.13%） patients developed duodenal perforation. The clinical data of these 15 cases were analyzed. Results There were 6 males and 9 females. The age ranged from 45 to 87 years. Seven patients developed perforation after sphincterotomy of the duodenal papilla. Five patients perforated due to the endoscope, and 3 due to guide wire and net basket. All the patients presented varying degree of abdominal pain and distention. CT scan of the upper abdomen showed peripancreatic and retroperitoneal air or fluid. Diagnosis was confirmed in 7 patients using abdominal X-ray. Eight patients developed postoperative abdominal pain and distention, subcutaneous emphysema, and fever 3 hours to 5 days after surgery, and diagnosis was confirmed using plain abdominal X-ray or upper abdominal CT scan. Nine patients were managed conservatively, 4 of whom were diagnosed within 3 hours after perforation and were managed by endoscopic metal clip and nasobiliary drainage and no abdominal abscesses developed. The length of hospital stay ranged from 10 to 15 days. Five patients were diagnosed 10 hour to 5 days after perforation, of whom 2 had intestinal fistula, 4 had abscess, and one died, thelength of hospital stay ranged from 15 to 105 days. Six patients were managed surgically, 4 received surgery within 4 to 8 hours after perforation and no abscess developed, and the length of hospital stay ranged from 18 to 2l days. The other 2 patients were operated at 24 hours and 30 hours after perforation respectively, one of whom had recurrent intra-abdominal bleeding after surgery and one died from intraabdominal abscess and muhiple organ failure. Conclusions For duodenal perforations related to ERCP, early diagnosis can be made by prompt intraoperative identification and postoperative CT scan. Endoscopic metal clip and nasobiliary drainage should be considered aside from surgical intervention.
出处
《中华胃肠外科杂志》
CAS
2012年第7期682-686,共5页
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
关键词
内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术
十二指肠穿孔
诊断
治疗
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Duodenal perforation
Diagnosis
Treatment
